{"title":"TRENDING FORMULAS","description":"","products":[{"product_id":"creatine-monohydrate","title":"Creatine Monohydrate","description":"\u003cp\u003eCreatine monohydrate has been shown to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncrease muscle mass\/size (when used in conjunction with a resistance training program).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprove strength, power, and performance in repetitive bouts of brief, high intensity physical activity (e.g. sprints, jumping).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDecrease muscular fatigue in response to high intensity exercise (weight training).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eTHIS PRODUCT IS INFORMED SPORT CERTIFIED\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis certification ensures that Creatine Monohydrate, is tested for banned substances and meets the highest standards for quality, safety, and transparency. This certification can provide elite athletes and average gym goers with the confidence that every batch is free from contaminants and complies with WADA, as well as other sports league regulations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery write-up crafted about creatine, including ours, should simply say: it’s creatine, enough said. This is, after all, the most studied, the most anecdotally verified, and the most well known dietary supplement available to us – and with good reason. The evidence on creatine truly does, “speak for itself.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith that said, much hoopla has arisen over the past few years regarding how to take creatine, when to take creatine, which form is the best, and so on. We have simplified that for you, and provided you the best, highest purity creatine monohydrate on the market at a competitive price – unbeatable, we’d say!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eScience\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreatine is perhaps the most studied and verified of all dietary supplements, earning its moniker as the, “grandfather of supplements.” Through a number of enzymatic and cellular steps, creatine is first metabolized into a compound known as phosophocreatine, and eventually into a compound known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) – the so-called, “energy currency” of the human body. As a dietary supplement, the use of creatine over extended periods of time has been linked to a wide-range of physiological benefits, including: cell volumization, increased delivery of plasma (blood) nutrients to the cell, an increase in skeletal muscle total mass and protein synthesis, decrease in muscular fatigue, and increased endurance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/commodities-supp-facts-2020-CREATINE.jpg?v=1597909681\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Core_Creatine_P65_FIN-OL.pdf?v=1644226888\"\u003eCreatine Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"400g","offer_id":45079062479024,"sku":"SHOP672975315344","price":24.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"100g","offer_id":45079062511792,"sku":"SHOP850080302828","price":9.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Creatine_UF_Front.png?v=1752584552"},{"product_id":"core-pro-5lb","title":"Pro 5lb","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWhey protein blend\u003c\/strong\u003e - Sustained release of recovery and growth agents\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDigestive enzyme blend\u003c\/strong\u003e - Digestive enzyme blend supports healthy carbohydrate and fat breakdown\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVersatility\u003c\/strong\u003e - Designed to maximize your protein needs any time of the day\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.corenutritionals.com\/products\/core-pro-2lb\"\u003e \u003cbutton type=\"submit\" class=\"btn black-carbon-btn\" style=\"width: 100%; height: 50px; font-size: 20px;\"\u003eGet Core PRO 2LB\u003c\/button\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSustained Release Protein Blend\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou want to recover. You don’t want to gag while doing it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe chose the protein blend and taste for Core PRO with that in mind. Our mix of proteins have a robust and complete amino acid profile that has been shown in research to increase lean muscle impact – while our flavoring tastes like a cheat!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e1 scoops per serving.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e28 (2LB)\/70 (5LB) servings per container.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProtein blend with gourmet taste.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat do you look for in a protein supplement? More importantly, what should you look for? Let’s be honest: in 2020, taste is paramount to the experience. Amazing taste was our priority for the reformulation of Core PRO – and we succeeded beyond our wildest dreams, if we say so ourselves.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBut this is Core Nutritionals, meaning that function must always match taste and form. Core PRO is no different. While the protein blend in Core PRO was always industry-leading, we have made it even better. Our blend of whey concentrate, whey isolate, and milk protein isolate delivers smooth texture, fast and slow-digesting proteins, and a complete amino acid profile that suits your needs. In other words, have perfected the marriage of TASTE AND PERFORMANCE, and the result is Core PRO.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore PRO is a clinical-strength, sustained release protein formula, specifically designed to keep you fueled with the right growth\/recovery agents over extended periods of time. This innovative blend provides the perfect arrangement of both fast-uptake and sustained-release proteins, from superior cold-processed whey proteins and micellar casein-rich milk protein sources. This strong synergistic blend helps promote optimal growth and recovery by providing the vital building blocks your body needs, exactly when you need them most. Our superior protein blend contains a generous array of BCAAs (branched-chain amino acids) in their naturally-occurring biological ratios, to delay fatigue and expedite your recovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe benefits don’t stop there. To make this the most effective recovery formula available, we’ve enhanced it with a powerful digestive enzyme blend, including protein-digesting proteases, to improve absorption and accelerate nutrient uptake. The beneficial fatty acids from MCTs (medium chain triglycerides) in Core PRO help preserve lean mass while unleashing your body’s natural metabolic potential. And unlike some formulas, you never have to worry about taking it at the wrong time. Staying fueled all day or overnight never tasted so good!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScientific breakdown:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe said above that protein powders need to – or at least should – have a purpose: to improve recovery times, and ultimately, body composition. But how does that occur? Or more specifically, what needs to happen in the body in order to recover from a workout, and subsequently improve body composition. To sum it up with one phrase, net protein balance needs to be positive.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you vigorously train or exert yourself, a process called protein degradation (the breakdown of muscle protein) begins so that the body can fuel itself, and a process called muscle protein synthesis (the creation of muscle protein) slows down. Think of this like shutting off your engine (protein synthesis), in order to fuel your car (muscle protein breakdown). As this entire process plays out, the available pool of amino acids in skeletal muscle depletes, as they too are drawn in and broken down in the natural, catabolic process during exercise training.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile this situation is quite adequate during a training session, it’s precisely the opposite of what we want afterwards. At that point, we want the available pool of amino acids to increase, protein degradation to slow or stop, and muscle protein synthesis to increase. Enter protein supplements. Protein powders are a quick, convenient way to rapidly increase the available pool of amino acids in skeletal muscle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHowever, not all proteins are created equal when assessed within the matrix of molecular triggers, enzymes, and amino acids that constitute skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Low quality blends, fillers, masking agents, and the like reduce the net protein content of many protein products, ultimately reducing lean muscle impact.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA quality protein supplement not only contains a high amount of protein, but the protein sources from which it draws need to be themselves high quality – and the benefit a particular protein source has can be assessed by analyzing its amino acid profile. Human skeletal muscle makes the most use out of a few, particular amino acids (the BCAAs among them), and so a quality protein needs to have an amino acid profile that is optimal for this context.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe chose the protein blend for Core PRO with optimization in mind. Our mix of cold-processed undenatured whey protein concentrate, cross-flow microfiltered whey protein isolate, and milk protein isolate has a complete amino acid profile that has been shown in research to increase nitrogen retention, lean muscle impact, and satiating ability (the feeling of fullness). This blend has also been specifically configured to provide both rapid and sustained additions to your body’s amino acid profile – meaning your recovery is not only supported immediately after a session, when you most need it, but over time as well.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBest of all, we have moved to a \u003cem\u003efully transparent\u003c\/em\u003e label for Core PRO. Meaning that not only do we disclose the protein sources themselves and their specific yields, but we have also disclosed the entire formula’s amino acid profile. You can see, for example, that each serving yields a full 2.6g of leucine – a leucine dose supported in the literature to maximally increase muscle protein synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHere is a more complete breakdown of each protein source:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCold-processed undenatured whey protein concentrate:\u003c\/strong\u003e Whey protein concentrate is probably the most common form of whey protein you will find. However, how it is processed is where the benefit truly lies. This process of cold processed undenaturization preserves the molecular structure of the amino acid particles as well as the immune boosting benefits that it contains. This undenatured protein is also a rich source of amino acids, including those needed for the synthesis of glutathione, which is an important antioxidant that can be depleted by stress (exercise stress included). This makes it a great foundation for your post workout recovery nutrition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCross-flow microfiltered whey protein isolate:\u003c\/strong\u003e whey protein isolate is an extremely “clean” form of whey protein. It yields a higher amount of amino acids, half of which are from the essential amino acids (cannot be made by the body). Microfiltration eliminates a large majority of the fat and lactose from the whey, which makes it easily digestible and quickly absorbed into the body. This cross-flow process uses a highly intricate method to isolate the protein. It is not subjected to chemicals and is thus left in its most natural state.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMilk Protein Isolate:\u003c\/strong\u003e milk protein isolate is obtained through the partial removal of non-protein materials from skim milk (lactose and other minerals). What you are left with is a dry product that contains more than 90% protein by weight. This product contains both casein and whey proteins in their original proportions found in milk, without combining separately produced casein and whey proteins. It contains very little fat and lactose and also has a very high amino acid composition making it a perfect addition to this blend.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis blend has also been specifically configured to provide both rapid and sustained additions to your body’s amino acid profile – meaning your recovery is not only supported immediately after a session but will also carry you to your next meal. On top of that, our flavors are out of this world! We’ve also boosted this protein blend with digestive enzymes that will provide you with all of the confidence that those nutrients you just supplied your body with will do their part in your quest for the optimal result!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDigeSEB Digestive enzyme blend:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne can easily make the argument that dietary enzymes – and in particular, digestive enzymes – are the most consistently underrated and overlooked component to a supplementation regimen. These powerful little protein structures influence or outright control a vast, complex network of bodily functions. In a fitness-specific context, digestive enzymes play an absolutely crucial role in the breaking down of dietary carbohydrates, fats, and proteins into their constitutive parts, and therefore allow your body to use them in various processes (glycogenesis, protein synthesis, etc).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite their critical function, many supplement companies overlook the necessity of digestive enzymes and do not include sufficient levels (and kinds) of enzymes in their products. For a whey product, in particular – a compound that requires significant digestion and breakdown – this is madness.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs usual, we take a much more comprehensive, clinical approach than the average. In Core PRO, we have included a digestive enzyme blend called DigeSEB comprised by amylases, proteases, lactases, amylases, and cellulases, allowing for a full and complete breakdown of all PRO’s components. Research suggests that whey absorption through the blood is heavily impacted by its gastric digestibility. Using DigeSEB ensures that the protein – along with its milk and whey sugars and fats – are completely broken down.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDigeSEB ensures that Core PRO not only provides gourmet taste and clinical ingredients within the protein itself, but that your protein also increases the effectiveness of your pre and post-workout nutrition in general.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoconut Oil Creamer (Medium Chain Triglycerides):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoconut oil made of 100% Medium chain triglycerides has been shown to have the greatest health benefits. MCTs are made up of a chemical structure that allows them to quickly and effectively bypass gastric uptake for transport directly to the liver for oxidation and then used for energy. Their unusual chemical structure and metabolic process has resulted in MCTs being a focus for a wide range of therapeutic and exercise supplement uses.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the context of exercise science, recent research has shown that MCTs significantly (up to 65%) increase resting energy expenditure, along with dose-dependently reducing fatty acid deposition in adipose tissue. These results suggest that MCTs are effectively increasing the body’s metabolic response to food intake.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/supplement-facts-PRO-2020.jpg?v=1585897600\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core-PRO-5lb-2023-GAIN-FIN-OL.pdf?v=1693234512\"\u003eVanilla Toffee Gaintime 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_PRO_5lb_2023-BLUEBERRY-FIN-OL.pdf?v=1693234511\"\u003eBlueberry Muffin 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_5lb_PEANUT_BUTTER_CUP_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989839\"\u003eChocolate Peanut Butter 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_5lb_FRENCH_TOAST_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989680\"\u003eCinnamon French Toast 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_5lb_COOKIES_N_CREAM_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989621\"\u003eCookies 'n Cream 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_5lb_CHOCOLATE_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989474\"\u003eDeath by Chocolate 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_5lb_VANILLA_CUPCAKE_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989888\"\u003eFrosted Vanilla Cupcake 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_5lb_FRUITY_CEREAL_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989784\"\u003eFruity Cereal 5LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/REFFERENCES_-_Core_PRO.pdf?v=1586182614\"\u003eDownload References\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Strawberries n' Cream","offer_id":44950007480496,"sku":"SHOP850080302309","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cookies 'n Cream","offer_id":31482036781171,"sku":"SHOP850057790511","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Chocolate Peanut Butter Cup","offer_id":31482036715635,"sku":"SHOP850057790528","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Death by Chocolate","offer_id":31482036846707,"sku":"SHOP850057790535","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Frosted Vanilla Cupcake","offer_id":31482036912243,"sku":"SHOP850057790504","price":109.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/PRO_SC_FRONT.png?v=1770324306"},{"product_id":"core-hard","title":"Hard","description":"\u003cp\u003eBenefits of Core HARD may include the following:  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eKSM-66®\u003c\/strong\u003e - Reduction in cortisol levels\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDIM\u003c\/strong\u003e - Regulate healthy estrogen production\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eL-Theanine\u003c\/strong\u003e - Increased measures of well being\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour diet is impeccable and couldn’t be any more in check – macros, micros, you have it all down. Your workouts? Get out of here! You have slaved, grinded, and grunted your way through leg workouts so intense the gym staff cried – and those were on your worst days. And yet, something is missing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt’s that “extra” level of shred, “that look.” You know exactly what we mean. That type of leanness and density that makes an arm look twice as big, a stomach look twice as lean, and a forearm look like a roadmap for the Italian countryside. It’s that kind of elusive hardness that’s so rare, most of us simply chalk it up to genetics, or luck, or steroids, or whatever excuse we have handy – and yet we all still want it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reality is that it isn’t all that unattainable. Getting “that” look, “that” hardness, is about hormonal balance, optimization and body recomposition. It’s a matter of adding in that final piece of the puzzle that makes the entire picture come out perfectly.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo be hard, you need to get HARD. It’s that simple.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore HARD is another product in the Core Nutritionals’ lineup to follow the basic, but indispensable principles that Core Nutritionals is slowly making an industry standard: create products with effective ingredients, in effective doses, in a non-proprietary formula. This time around, we have applied those principles to the problem of softness that we all despise and have developed the most advanced ultra-hardening and recomposition agent on the market.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaking advantage of both the old and the new, Core Nutritionals has employed both modern, cutting-edge compounds and traditional herbs to create a balanced approach to delivering hardness. Key ingredients in Core HARD affect some of the body’s critical physiological pathways, combining sexiness and science in a single, non-proprietary formula. We have included five powerful ingredients into a full month's worth of stimulant free, recomposition goodness. The result? Reduced cortisol levels, healthy estrogen and hormone regulation, weight loss and lean muscle growth, increased measures of well-being, improved athletic performance, stamina and power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore HARD can be used alone, or in a stack with other Core Nutritionals’ products. The BURN HARD stack (Core HARD plus \u003ca title=\"Core BURN - Stimulant Thermogenic\" href=\"https:\/\/www.corenutritionals.com\/products\/core-burn-powder\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCore BURN\u003c\/a\u003e) will be the ultimate fat blasting and hardening stack. Men can try the HARD A.B.s stack (Core HARD plus \u003ca title=\"Core ALPHA - All Ultra Potent Natural Hormone Optimizer\" href=\"https:\/\/www.corenutritionals.com\/products\/core-alpha\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCore ALPHA\u003c\/a\u003e and \u003ca title=\"Core BURN - Stimulant Thermogenic\" href=\"https:\/\/www.corenutritionals.com\/products\/core-burn-powder\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eCore BURN\u003c\/a\u003e) to help create that chiseled look that all men want.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysiological Properties and Effects:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhosphatidylserine (50%)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePhosphatidylserine, colloquially known as PS, is a nearly ubiquitous phospholipid found in various membranous tissues throughout the body. PS’s ubiquity coincides with its necessity for crucial physiological functions, as the phospholipid is implicated in several components of cell communication, as well as the mediation of catecholamine synthesis and transmission in the brain (along with other neuroendocrine functions). In a fitness-related context, a nascent but growing body of methodologically-sound research suggests that PS may play a role in increasing exercise capacity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStudies administering the compound in both acute and chronic fashion suggest that PS has a measurable effect on exercise capacity. In a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial involving 16 trained athletes, phosphatidylserine was administered for 10 days prior to an acute exercise challenge. Exercise markers such as exercise time to exhaustion, sprint performance, and ratings of perceived exertion, were measured post-exercise. The authors found that exercise time to exhaustion was significantly altered. Related studies using similar serving sizes have found that chronic PS administration increased shot accuracy in golfers, increased exercise time to exhaustion by 28% in cyclists, and reduced subjective feelings of stress and soreness in others.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, phosphatidylserine appears to play a valuable role in the increase in exercise capacity. PS may therefore play a critical role in the continued exercise success of bodybuilders in a, “cutting” or recomposition stage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eKSM-66® Full-spectrum Ashwagandha root extract (5% Withanolides)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eWithania somnifera Dunal\u003c\/em\u003e, colloquially known as Winter Cherry or Indian Ginseng, is an herb that features prominently in the traditional Indian medicinal system of Ayurveda. Known as Ashwagandha in Ayurveda, \u003cem\u003eWithania somnifera\u003c\/em\u003e is a critical ingredient in various Ayurvedic tonics and tinctures prepared as a traditional remedy for the treatment of various ailments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecently identified as a potent adaptogenic and target for therapeutic applications, Ashwaghanda has been the subject of numerous animal, pre-clinical, and clinical trials designed to examine its potential effects as an antioxidant, anti-carcinogenic, anxiolytic, antibacterial, antifungal, and immonumodulating compound. Ashwaghanda’s broad therapeutic potential is hypothesized to be the result of its robust phytochemical profile, including a wide swath of alkaloids, sitoindosides, and the highly biologically active withanolide group. As the principally biologically active compounds within Ashwaghanda, withanolides such as withanone, withaferine A, withanolides A, D, and G have been identified, isolated, and extensively studied in the various applications noted above.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn recognition of the potential physiological benefits of withanolides, Core Nutritionals selected KSM-66® to include in its HARD formula. KSM-66® is a full-spectrum Ashwaghanda extract, standardized for 5% withanolides – meaning that KSM-66® not only includes the full range of biologically active compounds within Ashwaghanda, but also that it contains the highest currently available concentration of the principally active withanolides (5%).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe high concentrations of withanolides within KSM-66® has resulted in encouraging results in a number of human, clinical trials – particularly considering many of these trials were conducted using the methodological gold standard of randomization, double-blind delivery, and placebo control. Amongst the most impressive results contained in these trials:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA 27.9% reduction in serum cortisol levels, measured over 60 days in a trial featuring 64 chronically stressed adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStatistically significant increases to endurance and stamina, as measured by VO2 max, in a clinical trial featuring 50 healthy, exercise-trained adults.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased measures of well-being as reported by self-assessment scales, included in both the clinical trials mentioned above.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStatistically significant increases in serum testosterone levels in a clinical trial featuring 68 infertile men.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough each of these results is impressive, perhaps the most significant is the 27.9% reduction in cortisol seen in the 60 day trial. As detailed above, cortisol possesses a multitude of potentially degradative physiological effects, including: inhibiting glucose uptake, causing a constriction of the vasculature (vasoconstriction), the breakdown of glycogen, and inarguably the result most would desire to avoid, proteolysis (the breakdown of muscle tissue).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo put it the simplest way possible, cortisol’s chief functions involve either turning on, or shutting off, the very things we as fitness enthusiasts want to avoid or turn on, respectively!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cem\u003eColeus forskohlii\u003c\/em\u003e (std. to 20% forskolin)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"MsoNormal\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eColeus forskohlii\u003c\/i\u003e standardized to 20% forskolin is included for its direct role in body recomposition—the ability to reduce body fat while preserving lean mass. Forskolin activates a compound called adenylate cyclase, which can increase intracellular cAMP, a key regulator of fat mobilization and metabolic activity. Several studies have shown its power when it comes to fat mass reduction while also maintaining lean mass. One 12-week randomized, placebo-controlled study showed that subjects supplementing with forskolin lost an average of \u003cstrong data-end=\"546\" data-start=\"515\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 'Aptos',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; font-weight: normal;\"\u003e10 lb of fat mass\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e while\u003cb\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cstrong data-end=\"583\" data-start=\"553\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 'Aptos',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; font-weight: normal;\"\u003emaintaining lean body mass\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e, whereas the placebo group lost only 2lb and experienced a decline in lean mass. Another human trial showed a \u003cstrong data-end=\"764\" data-start=\"708\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 'Aptos',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; font-weight: normal;\"\u003esignificant reduction in body fat percentage (−1.2%)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e and a \u003cstrong data-end=\"815\" data-start=\"771\"\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: 'Aptos',sans-serif; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; font-weight: normal;\"\u003etrend toward increased free testosterone\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e, supporting muscle preservation during caloric deficit. By improving nutrient partitioning, shifting calories toward muscle recovery and performance rather than fat storage, \u003ci\u003eColeus forskohlii\u003c\/i\u003e can support a harder, leaner physique without stimulant reliance, making it a clinically supported tool for sustainable recomposition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e3,3'-Diindolylmethane (DIM)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhat we typically refer to as “Estrogen,” is in fact a group of three biologically distinct hormones – estradiol (E2), estrone (E1), and estriol (E3), each possessing different activities in different cell, tissue, and receptor types. When experts refer to either the benefits or downfalls of “estrogen,\" they really mean to (but probably cannot) identify \u003cem\u003ea specific\u003c\/em\u003e estrogen.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese \u003cem\u003especific estrogens\u003c\/em\u003e, in turn, metabolize into even more specific estrogen sub-compounds, such as the 2-hydroxyestrogens (2-OHE’s), 2-methoxyestrogens, 16a-hydroxyestrone (16-OHE1), and 4-hydroxyestrogens (4-OHE’s). As their parent estrogens, these estrogen metabolites exert different effects depending upon the tissue and cell one is examining. In fact, two estrogen metabolites in particular, 16-OHE1 and 2-OHE, have such contrasting cellular activities that 2-OHE is an \u003cem\u003eestrogen antagonist\u003c\/em\u003e. Yes, that is correct: there is an anti-estrogen, estrogen.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn recent years, so-called “phytonutrients” have become the focus of clinical research, as these natural compounds have shown the ability to increase the ratio of good, estrogen decreasing estrogens (such as 2-OHE), to bad, estrogen increasing estrogens (such as 16-OHE1). One of these phytonutrients, a dietary indole known as indole-3-carbinol (I3C), is the bioactive phytochemical and a presumed modulator of reduced cancer risk in areas with high cruciferous vegetable consumption. Unfortunately, despite its potent antiestrogenic activity, I3C is highly molecularly unstable, and therefore unsuitable for use as a therapeutic agent or dietary supplement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLuckily, however, I3C readily metabolizes into the secondary indole 3,3’ diindolylmethane, or DIM for short. When used in a supplemental fashion in clinical trials, DIM appears to possess all the positive effects of its parent compound with respect to antiestrogenic action – promoting the metabolism of beneficial estrogens that themselves reduce estrogenic activity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAside from its healthy-estrogen promoting abilities, DIM also exerts its own direct physiological effects, including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePromoting pathways of internal estrogen metabolism that favour the production of anti-estrogen estrogens.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdjusting the activity of certain cytochrome enzymes, reducing the activity at the estrogen receptor site.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLimit the cell division and growth of certain estrogens.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite the bodybuilding community’s single-minded crusade to eliminate estrogen wherever it lie in wait, compounds such as DIM show us that estrogen is a very diverse set of compounds – and that we should actively pursue increasing certain estrogens that have beneficial, and ironically, anti-estrogenic effects\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eL-Theanine\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThough the literature surrounding L-theanine is still emerging, the amino acid is slowly building a reputation as one of the most interesting and exciting compounds being targeted for therapeutic use. L-theanine is an amino acid found almost exclusively in tea, constituting approximately 1-2% of the dry weight of tea – resulting in a 25–60 mg theanine load per 200 ml serving of liquid tea.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst identified in green tea and in the mushroom \u003cem\u003eXerocomus badius\u003c\/em\u003e, L-theanine readily crosses the blood-brain barrier in a dose-dependent manner, and it is thought to influence the central nervous system (CNS) through a variety of mechanisms, including:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing the release and concentration of dopamine.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eInhibiting glutamate reuptake and blockade of glutamate receptors in the hippocampus.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA – a neurotransmitter associated with the regulation of responses) concentrations.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing levels of serotonin.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to these more well-demonstrated effects, emerging electroencephalography trials on theanine suggest that the amino acid may exert a positive effect on alpha waves – a type of brain wave implicated in restful relaxation. Alpha activity has also been associated with increased creativity, increased performance under stress, and improved learning and concentration, as well as decreased anxiety.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/HARD_NEW.png?v=1753093928\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/HARD_LABEL_1.png?v=1753093978\"\u003eCore HARD Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Core_HARD_2025_References.docx?v=1753096766\"\u003eDownload References\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":31844500373619,"sku":"SHOP850757001641","price":44.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/HARD_FRONT_cbbbf7d3-ea1f-4330-b44a-babe58fbc1a2.png?v=1768407986"},{"product_id":"core-mrp","title":"MRP","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eProtein blend\u003c\/strong\u003e - \u003cspan data-mce-fragment=\"1\"\u003eSustained release for all day amino acid support \u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCarb blend\u003c\/strong\u003e - Low glycemic and grain-sourced carbohydrates\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eMicronutrients\u003c\/strong\u003e - Full spectrum of vitamins and minerals\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDiet is the most critical aspect for training success.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore MRP is designed with optimal results in mind. Our high quality, grain-sourced carbohydrates, multiple (and rich) protein sources, premium flavors, and a plethora of extras all come in a gourmet-tasting, instantized powder.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 scoops per serving.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e20 servings per container.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive meal formula.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePop quiz: what’s the absolute, without question, most critical component to achieving those roadmap veins and granite abs you have always wanted? How hard and how frequently you work your abs? The intensity of your cardio training, maybe; or the HIIT training you’ve been doing? If you said any of the above, you’re wrong – while exercise is a critical component of achieving your body composition goals, the diet remains king.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile it remains the most important component in a healthy lifestyle, a finely-tuned diet is often a difficult and impractical thing to implement. The most dedicated among us – and probably you, too – pack our fridge with Tupperware so high that chicken and plastic starts bursting through the freezer. We’ve all had the, “I eat this because...” conversation while at work, lugged our preferred food items to school, work, the park, and everywhere in between, and cursed the fact we went anywhere ill-prepared that day. There needs to be an easier – but equally effective – way, doesn’t there?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWell, at Core Nutritionals, we think we have found that better way: Core MRP. Core MRP is not only designed with optimal nutrients (macro and micro) in mind, but perhaps more importantly, it’s designed to fit in your life, not run it. Our high quality, grain-sourced carbohydrates, multiple (and rich) protein sources, premium flavors, and a plethora of extras all come in a gourmet-tasting, instantized powder – giving you the freedom to plan your favorite activities, and your diet, together.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCarbohydrate Blend:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBefore we dive in to understand the complexity of Core MRP, lets back up and first understand exactly what’s occurring when we consume carbohydrates on a daily basis – and in particular, when we consume around our workouts (peri-workout nutrition).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe consumption of carbohydrates, by its nature, results in an increase in the concentration of plasma glucose (or blood sugar) – and, in turn, insulin is released from the pancreas as a result. Insulin then initiates a number of signal transduction pathways related to both protein and glucose metabolism, with the upshot being increased glycolysis (breakdown of glucose to ATP), glucose oxidation in response to greater glucose availability in the cell, and glycogen synthesis (the stuff that essentially makes muscles, “pop”). In other words, an entire host of both necessary and amazing things!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith that said, insulin does induce some negative effects, as well. This powerful hormone is responsible for a range of lipogenic (fat-creating) effects, including both adipocyte differentiation (turning what are known as pre-adipocytes into mature adipocytes, or fat cells), and proliferation (the expansion of cells). Insulin controls these processes by tightly regulating numerous signal transduction pathways, and is in fact one of the key hormones responsible for controlling how adipocytes function.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, you have a hormone that, on the one hand, does a range of absolutely crucial things related to muscle and muscle cell metabolism, and on the other, does similarly crucial things related to fat and fat cell metabolism. How do we separate the good from the bad, then?\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe easiest, most reliable way to ensure that these processes continue to work in favor of your body composition goals, is to very carefully and strategically select your carbohydrates sources. For us at Core, and specifically for Core MRP, this means choosing only low glycemic carbohydrates for inclusion in our everyday meal supplement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhole Grain Oats:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLow-glycemic carbohydrates are ones that elicit a smaller, “glycemic” or glucose-releasing response in the body; meaning they also induce less of an insulinemic response, as well. The result is that low glycemic carbohydrates, as research indicates, not only cause enhanced fat oxidation (the literal burning of fat) when compared to high GI carbs, but also spare muscle glycogen. This result is the best of both worlds: your metabolic engine stays engaged, and the substance that gives your muscles their fullness, glycogen, is spared.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is for the reasons above that high-quality, low-glycemic carbohydrates are such a crucial component to an excellent meal supplement. Unfortunately, that is simply not the industry trend: even a cursory glance at most, “meal replacements” reveals a litany of high-glycemic, insulin-inducing carbohydrates that, while they have their place, are completely inappropriate to include in an all-day, everyday meal replacement.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore MRP is not like the rest. We are setting a new standard with the product that started it all. We have chosen only high-quality whole grain oat flour to include as your carbohydrate source. Oats offer a wide variety of benefits aside from just providing carbohydrates for the body. Some of these include:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOats contain considerable amounts of valuable nutrients such as proteins, starch, unsaturated fatty acids and dietary fiber as soluble and insoluble fractions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOats contain high amounts of beta glucan, a fiber that has been studied extensively for its benefits on aiding digestion and supporting the gut microbiome.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eOats also have been shown to aid in the controlling of certain heart related conditions, such as high cholesterol.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe at Core have put a lot of time and effort into the formulation of our products, and Core MRP is not different. This allows you to remain confident that consuming Core MRP is not only allowing you to cost-effectively and conveniently meet your caloric goals for the day, but more importantly, that our product is not compromising your hard work or lifestyle.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eProtein Blend:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf you have been following us for quite some time, we likely don’t need to explain just how and why adequate protein intake is fundamental to achieving your goals. With that said, there may be some confusion as to what specific kinds of protein are going to benefit your goals and why.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLike we did with carbohydrates above, let’s look into the specifics a little bit rather than just supplying a generic answer. We are anything but generic after all! The word “protein,” without any qualification, is perhaps the broadest term you can possibly use when speaking about biology – to the point where asking, “How much protein should I consume, and which kind?” renders itself useless. Considering proteins are more or less complex compositions of amino acids, and considering that amino acids have different functions, what we want to ask is something more specific like, “Which kinds of protein have the amino acid composition best suited to my goals, and when should I consume them?” A mouthful, but you get the point!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, what does a, “good” amino acid composition for a protein supplement look like? Well, while biologists would never use the term, “good”, they describe more robust proteins – one with amino acid profiles that can best facilitate tissue growth – as, “complete proteins.” These proteins contain high amounts of essential amino acids, are rapidly digestible, and support the available amino acid profile over a long period of time.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSimply put, and if we use the definition above, Core MRP has one of the most complete amino acid profiles available in any supplement. We have a included a blend of the most bioavailable and high quality proteins to create a blend specifically catered to fuel your body’s need throughout an entire day, not to mention we have full transparency on our label too, so you know exactly how much of each protein you are getting.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCold-processed undenatured whey protein concentrate:\u003c\/strong\u003e Whey protein concentrate is probably the most common form of whey protein you will find. However, how it is processed is where the benefit truly lies. This process of cold processed undenaturization preserves the molecular structure of the amino acid particles as well as the immune boosting benefits that it contains. This undenatured protein is also a rich source of amino acids, including those needed for the synthesis of glutathione, which is an important antioxidant that can be depleted by stress (exercise stress included). This makes it a great foundation for your post workout recovery nutrition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCross-flow microfiltered whey protein isolate:\u003c\/strong\u003e whey protein isolate is an extremely “clean” form of whey protein. It yields a higher amount of amino acids, half of which are from the essential amino acids (cannot be made by the body). Microfiltration eliminates a large majority of the fat and lactose from the whey, which makes it easily digestible and quickly absorbed into the body. This cross-flow process uses a highly intricate method to isolate the protein. It is not subjected to chemicals and is thus left in its most natural state.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMilk Protein Isolate:\u003c\/strong\u003e milk protein isolate is obtained through the partial removal of non-protein materials from skim milk (lactose and other minerals). What you are left with is a dry product that contains more than 90% protein by weight. This product contains both casein and whey proteins in their original proportions found in milk, without combining separately produced casein and whey proteins. It contains very little fat and lactose and also has a very high amino acid composition making it a perfect addition to this blend.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo both immediately increase the amino acid pool, and fuel your bodily processes (like protein synthesis) throughout the day, we’ve strategically included such a robust, multi-purpose blend using multiple forms of synergistic proteins that truly complement each other to positively impact your health and fitness.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe point of an excellent meal supplement is to cover all your bases, so you don’t have to. Core MRP in MJ with the ball with 5 seconds on the clock and The Bulls down by 1. Our multi-stage protein blend is ready to give you everything you need to maximize recovery, increase protein synthesis, and improve your health when you need it most. If your body needs it, Core MRP has it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhole Food Based Vitamins and Minerals:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere are a lot of great things about Core MRP already, but what really makes it stand out from other meal supplements on the market is the complete and well-roundedness of this product. Our sources of carbohydrates are more superior, our blend of protein is unmatched, and last but not least, our completely whole food-based blend of micronutrients is second to none.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eListing each of our micronutrients in succession, along with all the benefits they pose to the human body, would require us to write a book – literally. We have included everything from A to Zinc in dosages needed that will truly make a difference. We have also added a specific and blend of key foods, like broccoli, kale, sweet potato, chlorella, and shiitake mushroom to name a few. This is the most complete meal supplement on the market.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to our vitamin and mineral matrix, we have also included the digestive enzyme blend, DigeSEB™, comprised by five of the most clinically-researched, critical function enzymes available. We have chosen this blend for its powerful synergistic properties and abilities to help aid in the breakdown of milk proteins and sugars, support healthy carbohydrate and fat metabolism and breakdown, and assist in the metabolism of carbohydrates and starch.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a more in-depth look, take a look at our supplement facts table below!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFor a more in-depth look, take a look at our supplement facts table below!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/supplement-facts-MRP2020.jpg?v=1595228900\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_MRP_2023_BANANA_NUT_BREAD-FIN_1.pdf?v=1695644681\"\u003eBanana Nut Bread Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2020-BLUEBERRY_CRUMB_FIN-OL.pdf?v=1639495234\"\u003eBlueberry Crumb Cake Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2020-DOUBLE_CHOCOLATE_FIN-OL_compressed_1.pdf?v=1639495571\"\u003eDouble Chocolate Oatmeal Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2020-PB_OATMEAL_COOKIE_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1639496009\"\u003ePeanut Butter Oatmeal Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2020-VANILLA_POUNDCAKE_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1639496196\"\u003eVanilla Poundcake Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2020_CHOCOLATE_CARAMEL_CANDY_BAR-FIN_compressed.pdf?v=1639556587\"\u003eCaramel Candy Bar Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2020_PUMPKIN_PIE-FIN_compressed_1.pdf?v=1639495111\"\u003ePumpkin Pie Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2021-CARROT_CAKE-FIN_compressed.pdf?v=1639496458\"\u003eCarrot Cake Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2021-SMORES-FIN_compressed_1_ba0fbab8-9a60-46f6-a060-a82d73cdfe7f.pdf?v=1639497007\"\u003eS'mores Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_MRP_2020-BROWN_SUGAR_FIN-OL.pdf?v=1658906456\"\u003eBrown Sugar \u0026amp; Cinnamon Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Core-MRP-REFFERENCES.pdf?v=1595229378\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDownload References\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Banana Nut Bread","offer_id":42833452695728,"sku":"SHOP850051031252","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Blueberry Muffin","offer_id":31915088674931,"sku":"SHOP850757001849","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Peanut Butter Oatmeal Cookie","offer_id":31915088740467,"sku":"SHOP8507570018070","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cookies n' Cream","offer_id":44921434407088,"sku":"SHOP850057789379","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Death By Chocolate","offer_id":44921434439856,"sku":"SHOP850057789874","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Vanilla Poundcake","offer_id":31915088773235,"sku":"SHOP672975315818","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/MRP_PBOC_FRONT_6176821a-da83-48f5-8d0c-5636bd093980.png?v=1772111616"},{"product_id":"core-pro-2lb","title":"Pro 2lb","description":"\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eWhey protein blend\u003c\/strong\u003e - Sustained release of recovery and growth agents\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eDigestive enzyme blend\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e - Digestive enzyme blend supports healthy carbohydrate and fat breakdown\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003eVersatility\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan style=\"font-family: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, 'San Francisco', 'Segoe UI', Roboto, 'Helvetica Neue', sans-serif; font-size: 0.875rem;\"\u003e - Designed to maximize your protein needs any time of the day\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.corenutritionals.com\/products\/core-pro-5lb\"\u003e \u003cbutton style=\"width: 100%; height: 50px; font-size: 20px;\" class=\"btn black-carbon-btn\" type=\"submit\"\u003eGet Core PRO 5LB\u003c\/button\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSustained Release Protein Blend\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eYou want to recover. You don’t want to gag while doing it.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThat’s why we built Core PRO: a protein powder that tastes incredible and works even better. Our carefully chosen protein blend offers a robust amino acid profile shown to support lean muscle growth—while our flavors make it feel like a cheat.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli aria-level=\"1\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cp role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e1 scoop per serving\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli aria-level=\"1\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cp role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003e28 (2LB) \/ 70 (5LB) servings per container\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli aria-level=\"1\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cp role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eProtein blend with gourmet taste\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eWhy Core PRO?\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIn today’s world, taste is everything—and Core PRO delivers. But this is Core Nutritionals, meaning function always matches flavor. Our mix of whey concentrate, whey isolate, and milk protein isolate creates a smooth texture, complete amino acid profile, and both fast- and slow-digesting proteins. The result is a marriage of taste and performance.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCore PRO is a clinical-strength, sustained release formula designed to fuel growth and recovery over extended periods. By combining fast-uptake whey with casein-rich milk protein, this blend supports immediate recovery and long-term muscle repair. It is loaded with naturally occurring BCAAs, helping delay fatigue and speed up recovery.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eWe’ve gone further by adding digestive enzymes for absorption and MCTs (medium chain triglycerides) to help preserve lean mass while boosting metabolism. Core PRO works any time—day or night—keeping you fueled whenever you need it.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003esplit\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eScientific Breakdown\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eRecovery depends on positive net protein balance: slowing muscle protein breakdown while increasing synthesis. After training, protein supplements provide the amino acids your body needs to tip this balance in your favor.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eBut not all proteins are equal. Many products are filled with low-quality blends and fillers. Core PRO is different. Our cold-processed whey concentrate, cross-flow micro filtered whey isolate, and milk protein isolate deliver:\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli aria-level=\"1\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cp role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eA complete amino acid profile\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli aria-level=\"1\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cp role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eSuperior nitrogen retention\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli aria-level=\"1\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cp role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eIncreased lean muscle impact\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli aria-level=\"1\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\n\u003cp role=\"presentation\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eStrong satiety (feeling of fullness)\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eAnd unlike most brands, we’re fully transparent. Our label discloses exact yields and the full amino acid profile. Each serving provides 2.6g of leucine, the proven dose to maximize muscle protein synthesis.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eThe Core PRO Protein Sources\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCold-Processed Whey Concentrate: Preserves amino acid structure and immune-boosting benefits while supplying antioxidants like glutathione. A strong base for recovery nutrition.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCross-Flow Whey Isolate: Extremely clean, with minimal fat and lactose, making it highly digestible and rapidly absorbed without harsh chemicals.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eMilk Protein Isolate: Over 90% protein by weight, containing both casein and whey in their natural ratios. Low fat, low lactose, and high in amino acids for sustained recovery.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eThis combination provides immediate recovery support and long-lasting amino acid delivery until your next meal.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAdded Support Ingredients\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eDigeSEB Digestive Enzyme Blend: Many brands overlook enzymes, but they are crucial for breaking down carbs, fats, and proteins. Core PRO includes amylases, proteases, lactases, and cellulases to ensure complete digestion and absorption. This makes your protein more effective both pre- and post-workout.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cspan\u003eCoconut Oil Creamer (MCTs): MCTs bypass gastric uptake, go directly to the liver, and are rapidly used for energy. Research shows they increase resting energy expenditure by up to 65 percent while reducing fat storage, supporting both performance and body composition.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb id=\"docs-internal-guid-595b37a9-7fff-3ef7-e163-14316b189977\"\u003e\u003c\/b\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/supplement-facts-PRO-2020.jpg?v=1585897600\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/PRO-PeachCobbler-FINAL_Outlined.jpg?v=1738576863\"\u003ePeach Cobbler 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_PRO_2lb_CHOCOLATE_CARAMEL_BAR-FIN_compressed_1.pdf?v=1710751204\"\u003eChocolate Caramel Candy Bar 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_PEANUT_BUTTER_CUP_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989028\"\u003eChocolate Peanut Butter 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_FRENCH_TOAST_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988825\"\u003eCinnamon French Toast 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_COOKIES_N_CREAM_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988771\"\u003eCookies 'n Cream 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_CHOCOLATE_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988523\"\u003eDeath by Chocolate 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_VANILLA_CUPCAKE_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643989086\"\u003eFrosted Vanilla Cupcake 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_FRUITY_CEREAL_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988885\"\u003eFruity Cereal 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_CHOCOLATE_MOCHA-FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988590\"\u003eChocolate Mocha 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_BLUBERRY_MUFFIN_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988446\"\u003eBlueberry Muffin 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_GAINTIME_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988930\"\u003eVanilla Toffee Gaintime 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_COCONUT_CREAM_PIE_FIN-OL_compressed.pdf?v=1643988640\"\u003eCoconut Cream Pie 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_core_PRO_2lb_PISTACHIO_ICE_CREAM-FIN.pdf?v=1656589730\"\u003ePistachio Ice Cream 2LB Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/REFFERENCES_-_Core_PRO.pdf?v=1586182614\"\u003eDownload References\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Airplane Cookies \u0026 Cream","offer_id":45113118064816,"sku":"SHOP850080302286","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Peanut Butter","offer_id":45031036813488,"sku":"SHOP850057789850","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Shamripped Shake","offer_id":45003451924656,"sku":"SHOP850080302293","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Frosted Vanilla Cupcake","offer_id":39799461314736,"sku":"SHOP850080302163","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Strawberries n' Cream","offer_id":44949988081840,"sku":"SHOP850057789867","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cinnamon French Toast","offer_id":44915285328048,"sku":"SHOP850080302132","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Cookies n' Cream","offer_id":44915285360816,"sku":"SHOP850080302149","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Blueberry Muffin","offer_id":39799460987056,"sku":"SHOP850080302118","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Chocolate Peanut Butter Cup","offer_id":44878107148464,"sku":"SHOP850080302125","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Death by Chocolate","offer_id":39799461249200,"sku":"SHOP850080302156","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Holiday Sugar Cookie","offer_id":44848261267632,"sku":"SHOP850057790009","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":false},{"title":"Chocolate Caramel Candy Bar","offer_id":43271681966256,"sku":"SHOP850051031801","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Milk Chocolate Cookies 'n Cream","offer_id":44931010855088,"sku":"SHOP850057789645","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Mixed Berry Cheesecake","offer_id":44931010887856,"sku":"SHOP850057789447","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"PB Cookies 'N Cream","offer_id":44931010920624,"sku":"SHOP850057789461","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Vanilla Honey Graham","offer_id":44931010953392,"sku":"SHOP850057789454","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/PRO_ACC_FRONT.png?v=1778791049"},{"product_id":"core-bolic™-v2","title":"Bolic v2","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan Increase Muscle Protein Synthesis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMay Increase Lean Body Mass\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan Improve Athletic Performance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCan Boost Recovery \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIntroducing Core BOLIC V2: Unleash Your Full Potential with Nature's Power\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the pursuit of peak physical performance, rapid recovery, and overall well-being, we present to you Core BOLIC V2—an innovative fusion of heavily studied ingredients meticulously crafted to elevate your capabilities. At its core are three remarkable components: PeptiStrong™, Maral Root Extract, and Camellia sinensis Extract, (fortified by the bioenhancing prowess of BioPerine®. Together, these elements unlock a world of possibilities that extend beyond the ordinary.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePeptiStrong™, hailing from fava beans (Vicia faba), takes center stage as a game-changing ingredient. It harbors a treasure trove of bioactive peptides, potent natural compounds also found in collagen, insulin, and glutathione. Patented and extensively researched, these peptides have displayed remarkable effects muscle protein synthesis, recovery, and overall muscle hypertrophy.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMaral Root Extract, sourced from Rhaponticum carthamoides, is a revered natural ingredient renowned for its adaptogenic properties and myriad health benefits. Maral Root Extract is a game-changer for endurance, as it elevates adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production, extending exercise durations and delaying fatigue. Its ability to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, enhance muscle recovery, and improve muscular strength empowers you to achieve more during your workouts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCamellia sinensis Extract (Bean), standardized to an impressive 90% Epicatechin, adds another layer of excellence to Core BOLIC V2. Epicatechin shines in promoting muscle growth, strength, nitric oxide production, and overall heart and brain health. Furthermore, its nitric oxide-boosting capabilities translate to better blood flow, facilitating nutrient absorption and delivering an impressive pump during workouts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBioPerine®, a patented extract from Piper nigrum (black pepper) enhances bioavailability as well as elevates the effectiveness of Core BOLIC V2’s ingredients by inhibiting intestinal motility and dilating blood vessels in the gut—where nutrient absorption thrives.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSo, as you can see, Core BOLIC V2 not only increases exercise performance, but makes the underlying anabolic response (muscle growth and protein synthesis) to exercise more efficient – ensuring that your hard work is paying off!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFava Bean (Vicia faba) Hydrolysate (as PeptiStrong™)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeptiStrong™ is an ingredient derived from fava beans that contains extremely beneficial natural compounds called bioactive peptides. Other sources of naturally occurring bioactive peptides are collagen, insulin, and glutathione, all of which have crucially beneficial properties. These peptides have undergone patent protection and extensive research, including both pre-clinical and clinical studies. The studies have shown positive effects on gene expression and the secretion of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-a). In vitro experiments using murine skeletal muscle cells and human macrophages have validated the ability of the peptides within PeptiStrong™ to increase muscle protein synthesis and reduce TNF-a secretion. The study also assessed the bioavailability and stability of the peptides, which proved to be resistant to digestion, displayed good intestinal barrier transport, and remained stable in plasma.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn an in vivo study using a murine model of muscle atrophy, PeptiStrong™ treatment for 18 days resulted in a significant attenuation of muscle loss and increased expression of muscle fibers. The treatment also upregulated protein-synthesis-related genes in muscle tissue. Other protein hydrolysates of fava bean and food-derived hydrolysates did not exhibit the same level of efficacy in vitro. Thus, PeptiStrong™ demonstrated efficacy in attenuating muscle atrophy through various mechanisms, including inflammation reduction and muscle protein synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA clinical study compared the effects of PeptiStrong™ and milk protein supplementation on muscle mass and strength loss during limb immobilization. The study involved 30 young men subjected to one-legged knee immobilization followed by recovery. PeptiStrong™ supplementation performed similarly to milk protein in modulating muscle size loss during immobilization and regain during remobilization. Notably, higher muscle protein synthesis rates were observed during remobilization in the PeptiStrong™ group.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnother study with 30 healthy male subjects investigated the effects of PeptiStrong™ supplementation on strength recovery and fatigue. The subjects were divided into groups receiving either a placebo or 2.4 grams of PeptiStrong™ daily. Delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) was induced using resistance exercise, and the subjects' strength recovery and fatigue were measured over three days. PeptiStrong™ supplementation significantly improved strength recovery, reduced fatigue, and positively influenced markers associated with muscle homeostasis. Myostatin expression was also found to be significantly reduced, indicating an anabolic response following intense exercise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMaral Root Extract (Rhaponticum carthamoides) (10:1)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaral Root Extract, derived from the plant Rhaponticum carthamoides, is a natural ingredient highly regarded for its adaptogenic properties and numerous health benefits. This herb has a rich history in traditional medicine and is known for its ability to enhance physical and mental performance, support stress resilience, boost energy levels, promote vitality, improve athletic performance, and aid in post-exercise recovery. One crucial aspect of athletic performance is the ability to maintain a high capacity throughout the event and be able to then recover efficiently. Maral Root Extract has shown potential in addressing both of these aspects. Let's first examine how this herb can enhance measures of athletic performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen it comes to increasing endurance, two key factors play a significant role: oxygen and adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Oxygen is essential in breaking down carbohydrates, fats, and proteins and converting them into ATP, the primary energy source for the body. Maral Root Extract has been found to increase ATP production, which can allow individuals to exercise for longer periods and delay the onset of fatigue.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurthermore, studies suggest that Maral Root Extract supplementation may promote greater muscle protein synthesis. While the exact mechanisms of 20-hydroxyecdysone (a plant ecdysteroid) on muscle protein synthesis are not fully elucidated, it appears to involve a rapid increase in calcium in the cell (cytosol) causing activation of Akt\/PI3K signaling. This signaling promotes the metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth, and angiogenesis of cells. Along with these increases in muscle protein synthesis, Maral Root Extract has also been shown to aid in muscle recovery and improve muscular strength, enabling individuals to generate more power during workouts.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMoreover, the active compounds present in Maral Root Extract, such as ecdysteroids and additional flavonoids, exhibit potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects through their adaptogenic properties. These properties can help the body adapt to physical and mental stressors and can further contribute to improved muscle recovery, reduced exercise-induced muscle damage, and faster bounce back after intense training sessions.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, Maral Root Extract has been found to influence hormone levels, particularly testosterone and cortisol. It can help maintain a healthy testosterone-cortisol ratio, which is beneficial for muscle growth and recovery. Achieving hormonal balance can contribute to better exercise performance and body composition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCamellia sinensis Extract (Bean) (std. to 90% Epicatechin)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEpicatechin is a plant-based phytochemical, or flavanol, that is found in trace amounts in foods and liquids such as dark chocolate and green tea. Its physiological benefits have been studied for years and have resulted in promising results in relation to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhanced muscle growth and strength\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreased nitric oxide production (better pumps)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLowered cholesterol levels due to antioxidant content\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprovements in brain and heart health\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese proposed benefits listed above and the compelling research surrounding them has led epicatechin to be involved in innovations where muscle growth and improved performance are the goal.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHow does epicatechin work? Glad you asked. The proposed mechanism of action of epicatechin is through the inhibition of myostatin, which is a type of protein called a myokine that in essence acts as a regulating molecule released by muscles. Increased levels of myostatin have been linked to limiting the level of muscle growth. To combat an increased concentration of myostatin, epicatechin can work to increase another protein called follistatin which the body can then use to control metabolism, promote muscle growth, and boost fertility. Increased myostatin has been linked to the clinically obese and inactive as well as individuals who have some degree of insulin resistance. Studies have shown that aerobic activities, strength training, and some modifications to diet can, to a degree, decrease myostatin levels in muscle. When it comes to epicatechins ability to increase follistatin levels and further inhibit myostatin concentrations as few studies have been conducted for its efficacy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne study conducted on males showed that just 170mg of epicatechin per day was able to increase follistatin by about 50% and decrease myostatin by about 17%, which also coincided with an increase in strength of about 7%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLooking at epicatechins nitric oxide boosting benefits, one animal study showed that nitric oxide and endurance was able to be increased even in the absence of exercise. This can aid in nutrient absorption and improved heart and muscle health outside of the gym but in the gym, it can also result in greater blood flow to muscles and stimulate a better pump in response to training.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe literature that has been presented on epicatechin in in vivo studies on muscle growth potential and improved overall health is promising and when combined with the other ingredients in this product, the body can be set up for the most beneficial environment for muscle growth, strength increases, and increases in performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e Bioperine® (Piper nigrum) (Fruit) (std. to 95% Piperine):\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBioPerine® is a patented standardized extract from the fruit of Piper nigrum (black pepper). It’s studied benefits have shown improvements in bioavailability of nutrients it is surrounded by.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBioPerine® primarily works through mechanisms and channels that can inhibit intestinal motility and dilate blood vessels of the intestines (where absorption of nutrients occurs). This physiological action may cause increased absorption and digestion of nutrients.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSeveral studies looking at the impact of BioPerine® on nutrient absorption and several plant compounds have been done. One study looking at the efficacy of BioPerine® on serum concentrations of curcumin showed bioavailability was improved by more than 500%. Therapeutic effectiveness of curcumin has often been exhibited as low. Another study conducted over the course of 6 weeks on BioPerine® influence on serum selenium levels in humans showed an increase by 145% over the presupplementation value.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith promising research being done on the effects of BioPerine® in the context of nutrient absorption and bioavailability, it is only fitting that we include it in Core BOLIC V2.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/supplement-facts-BOLIC-2023.jpg?v=1696576317\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_BOLIC_2023_8.5x3.25-FIN.pdf?v=1696493534\"\u003eCore BOLIC Version V2 Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Core_BOLIC_V2_Product_References.docx?v=1696493236\"\u003eDownload References\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":42846303289520,"sku":"SHOP850051031214","price":59.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/BOLIC_FRONT_68a59313-6451-4850-a735-b219841df624.png?v=1760385628"},{"product_id":"transformers-energon","title":"Transformers® Energon","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEnfinity® Paraxanthine\u003c\/strong\u003e \u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEuphoric energy and focus with no crash.\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003e*\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSenactiv®\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003eEnhances endurance, Increases muscle energy and stimulates muscle cell renewal.*\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eVasoDrive-AP®\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cspan\u003e\u003cmeta charset=\"utf-8\"\u003eEnhanced muscle pumps and performance.*\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eL-Citrulline\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eCitrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eCitrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eThis translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBeta Alanine\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eCarnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of carnosine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it works. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eEnter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. To understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eCarnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eDespite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literatures reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eIn simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular carnosine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ul1\"\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"li5\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s3\"\u003eBoth acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions.\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli class=\"li5\"\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"s2\"\u003e\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s3\"\u003eHighly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eIncreases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eIn total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eThese myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eBetaine Anhydrous\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eBetaine (trimethyl glycine) is found naturally in most living organisms. It is well known to protect non-mammalian animal life in conditions of osmotic stress (a rapid change in the amount of solute surrounding a cell), in addition to functioning as an osmolyte in mammalian (including human) tissues. Betaine is formed in cells as an oxidation product of choline and can be obtained in the diet from foods such as spinach and beets.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eThough data on betaine is limited, and recent, the available literature suggests that this compound may have effects in a few areas. Studies on betaine using servings as little as 1.25g\/day and up to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have shown promising results. In one study, a 2.5g\/day serving was found to enhance endurance and total repetition volume for the squat, bench press, and jump squat in healthy-exercised trained adults. A similar study using the same serving found that betaine use increased peak power and maximum peak power, along with force and the maintenance of both force and power in healthy, exercise-trained subjects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003ePerhaps more interesting, however, is a study which examined betaine’s effect on the endocrine system. This study revealed that betaine may exert an effect on several endocrine processes given the proper conditions, causing the authors to hypothesize that long(er) term betaine supplementation may increase the hypertrophic response to resistance training.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eN-Acetyl L-Carnitine\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eL-carnitine is a derivative of the amino acid lysine and, as certain conditions outpace the body’s ability to produce it, l-carnitine is considered a conditionally essential amino acid. While endogenous biosynthesis of l-carnitine from the amino acids lysine and methionine is sufficient for essential processes – along with dietary sources of carnitine from protein-rich red meat, for example – dietary supplementation of carnitine may pose benefits in certain physiological conditions.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eUnfortunately, due to excess metabolism of l-carnitine by microorganisms in the small intestine, exogenous supplementation with oral l-carnitine has proved ineffective. ALCAR, an acetylated version of l-carnitine, has considerably higher oral bioavailability, due likely to only partial hydrolytic metabolism. Once in the bloodstream, ALCAR plays a fundamental role in the production of energy, acting as the catalyst for the beta-oxidation of long chain fatty acids by the mitochondria; regulating the CoA to Acyl-CoA ratio (necessary for the production of ATP); and the metabolism of carbohydrates. ALCAR also is an excitatory agent for neurons, increases neuronal transmission, and increases the production of neurotransmitters and neurohormones such as dopamine and serotonin.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eEnfinity® Paraxanthine\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eCaffeine is widely known as being the world’s most popular dietary supplement ingredient. It provides energy and wakefulness through a process of inhibiting phosphodiesterase and adenosine. What most people don’t know however is, is that caffeine is made up of three powerful metabolites one metabolized by the liver, Theobromine, Theophylline, and Paraxanthine. Paraxanthine is the star of the show here as it does a large majority of the heavy lifting for caffeine’s felt effects, such as lipolysis, as well as the actual dopamine upregulation and feel-good effects we experience when taking caffeine. Paraxanthine also has stronger binding potencies for adenosine as well as can increase processing speed, improve response time, and promote more sustained attention during activities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eOne of the most attractive qualities about paraxanthine is that it has a substantially shorter half-life than both theophylline and theobromine. At 3.1 hours, it’s less than half of the half-life, which leads to caffeine’s general half-life being around 4.1 hours. The one thing about caffeine in general is that its metabolism varies across genetic and ethnic distributions, so not everybody is going to react the same to the same amount of caffeine at the same time taken. In fact, there are fast, medium, and slow metabolizers of caffeine. From person to person, this can mean that caffeine’s half-life can vary anywhere from 1.5-10.5 hours. However, some research has shown that caffeine clearance can vary as much as 40x between consumers. What anecdotal evidence shows when all these individuals ingest paraxanthine, is that it leads to a much smoother and consistent experience for everyone. The shorter half-life works great for slow metabolizers too, especially without them having to worry about the consequences of theobromine and theophylline lingering around. Although studies on paraxanthine are preliminary, the evidence thus far points to the substance being a reliable replacement to traditional caffeine for those who are widely affected by caffeine’s addictive and often negative side effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eVasoDrive-AP® (Isoleucyl-prolyl-proline (IPP) and Valyl-prolyl-proline (VPP) (from hydrolyzed milk casein)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eVasoDrive-AP® is a proprietary ingredient derived from fermented casein. The fermentation process produces two lactotripeptides, Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP). Based on the available clinical evidence, these tri-peptides work together to reduce angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eIn a recent meta-analysis researchers found 30 studies – all of which were randomized and some of which were double-blind – wherein Valyl-Prolyl-Proline (VPP) and Isoleucyl-Prolyl-Proline (IPP), either alone or in combination, exerted a statistically significant effect on improving endothelial function. In one of the analyzed studies, 25 men were challenged with casein hydrolysate standardized for tri-peptides in a randomized and placebo-controlled design. At the conclusion of the study, forearm blood flow, a key measure of endothelial function, was found to be increased by 33%. The researchers in this and other studies demonstrate that the tri-peptides that constitute VasoDrive-AP® exert an inhibitory effect on ACE. ACE, in turn, is a critical component of the renin-angiotensin (RAS) system, which regulates hemodynamics by controlling plasma fluid volume. While the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, researchers believe that the lactotripeptides in VasoDrive-AP® competitively inhibit ACE, thus decreasing the metabolism of bradykinin and systematically dilating the arteries and veins.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eCognizin® Citicoline\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eCholine is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eCholine’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s1\"\u003eCiticoline (Cytidine 5’-diphosphocoline), also known as CDP-choline, is a potentially superior form of choline due to its ability to cross the blood brain barrier. In fact, most studies with neurological or nootropic effects used this form. In that regard, studies in otherwise healthy, normal adults demonstrated meaningful and statistically significant impacts on working memory, recall, and attention. We have chosen to use the clinically tested, Cognizin®, in this premium formula as our primary choline source. Unlike other synthetic stimulants that can cause a rapid decline in effectiveness after an initial burst of energy, Cognizin® can offer critical nutritional support for the brain that can help support needed focus and attention.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSenactiv® (\u003ci\u003ePanax notoginseng\u003c\/i\u003e (Root) \u0026amp; \u003ci\u003eRosa roxburghii\u003c\/i\u003e (Fruit))\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eSenactiv®, derived from extracts of \u003ci\u003ePanax notoginseng\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eRosa roxburghii\u003c\/i\u003e, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating daily. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells. The human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can deteriorate. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 max by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eOn another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it could attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars to go towards recovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eSenactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eHuperzia serrata\u003c\/i\u003e Extract (1% Huperzine A)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003ci\u003eHuperzia serrata\u003c\/i\u003e is a compound found in the plant families of Huperziaceae, Lycopodiaceae, and Selaginella and is endemic to China. The Lycopodium alkaloid Huperizine-A, found in UNMATCHED DISSIDENT, was first isolated from a folk medicinal preparation in 1984.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eDue to the potent anticholinesterase activities of Huperzine A, the compound has been evaluated in numerous in vitro, in vivo, and human trials. These data suggest that Huperzine’s Ache activities are most potent in the cortex, hippocampus, and striatum (at least in rats) – key regions in the brain responsible for forming, coordinating, and recalling memory. These effects are assisted by Huperzine A’s high oral bioavailability. Studies using microdialysis technique in rats, for example, showed that the response to Huperzine A was dose-dependent and substantially lowered the level of ACh in cortex.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eHuperzine A has also shown promise in humans. Used as a reversible inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase, Huperzine A has shown positive benefits on cognition and as a therapy for individuals suffering from Alzheimer’s Disease. This is partly due to its inhibitory factors on acetylcholine but also its neuroprotective properties. In another study on memory and learning performance, 34 pairs of middle school students complaining of memory inadequacy were given a small dose of Huperzine A. The students were then match paired along several vectors and provided tests on working memory. The results of this study exhibited that HupA markedly improved the memory function of adolescent students.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/TF-Energon-MixedBerryKiwi-11.25x5.25.pdf?v=1726130256\"\u003eMixed Berry Kiwi Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/TF-Energon-SourLemonCandy-11.25x5.25.pdf?v=1726130983\"\u003eSour Lemon Candy Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/TF-Energon-BloodOrangePassionFruit-11.25x5.25.pdf?v=1726130577\"\u003eBlood Orange Passion Fruit Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eREFERENCES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eHetzler, R. K., et al. “Effect of Paraxanthine on FFA Mobilization after Intravenous Caffeine Administration in Humans.” Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md.: 1985), vol. 68, no. 1, 1 Jan. 1990, pp. 44–47, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2312486\/, doi:10.1152\/jappl.1990.68.1.44; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/2312486\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eBenowitz, Neal L., et al. “Sympathomimetic Effects of Paraxanthine and Caffeine in Humans*.” Clinical Pharmacology \u0026amp; Therapeutics, vol. 58, no. 6, Dec. 1995, pp. 684–691, doi:10.1016\/0009-9236(95)90025-x; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/8529334\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eBromberg-Martin, Ethan S et al. “Dopamine in motivational control: rewarding, aversive, and alerting.” Neuron vol. 68,5 (2010): 815-34. doi:10.1016\/j.neuron.2010.11.022; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3032992\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eWardle, Margaret C et al. “Caffeine increases psychomotor performance on the effort expenditure for rewards task.” Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior vol. 102,4 (2012): 526-31. doi:10.1016\/j.pbb.2012.06.016; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3578395\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eOrrú, Marco, et al. “Psychostimulant Pharmacological Profile of Paraxanthine, the Main Metabolite of Caffeine in Humans.” Neuropharmacology, vol. 67C, 1 Apr. 2013, pp. 476–484, doi:10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.11.029; https:\/\/www.sciencedirect.com\/science\/article\/abs\/pii\/S002839081200576X\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eGuerreiro, Serge, et al. “Paraxanthine, the Primary Metabolite of Caffeine, Provides Protection against Dopaminergic Cell Death via Stimulation of Ryanodine Receptor Channels.” Molecular Pharmacology, vol. 74, no. 4, 11 July 2008, pp. 980–989, doi:10.1124\/mol.108.048207; \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18621927\/\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s4\"\u003ehttps:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/18621927\/\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eRen, Xiangpeng, and Jiang-Fan Chen. “Caffeine and Parkinson’s Disease: Multiple Benefits and Emerging Mechanisms.” Frontiers in neuroscience vol. 14 602697. 17 Dec. 2020, doi:10.3389\/fnins.2020.602697; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7773776\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eOrrú, Marco et al. “Psychostimulant pharmacological profile of paraxanthine, the main metabolite of caffeine in humans.” Neuropharmacology vol. 67 (2013): 476-84. doi:10.1016\/j.neuropharm.2012.11.029; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3562388\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eNehlig, Astrid. “Is Caffeine a Cognitive Enhancer?” Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, vol. 20, no. s1, 14 Apr. 2010, pp. S85–S94, pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20182035\/, doi:10.3233\/jad-2010-091315; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/20182035\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eYoo, Choongsung et al. “Acute Paraxanthine Ingestion Improves Cognition and Short-Term Memory and Helps Sustain Attention in a Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.” Nutrients vol. 13,11 3980. 9 Nov. 2021, doi:10.3390\/nu13113980; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8622427\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eWadhawan, Manav, and Anil C. Anand. “Coffee and Liver Disease.” Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology, vol. 6, no. 1, 1 Mar. 2016, pp. 40–46, doi:10.1016\/j.jceh.2016.02.003; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/27194895\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eHeath, Ryan D, et al. “Coffee: The Magical Bean for Liver Diseases.” World Journal of Hepatology, vol. 9, no. 15, 28 May 2017, pp. 689–696, doi:10.4254\/wjh.v9.i15.689; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/28596816\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eGressner, Olav A., et al. “Identification of Paraxanthine as the Most Potent Caffeine-Derived Inhibitor of Connective Tissue Growth Factor Expression in Liver Parenchymal Cells.” Liver International, vol. 29, no. 6, July 2009, pp. 886–897, doi:10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.01987.x; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/19291178\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eVolkow, N D et al. “Caffeine increases striatal dopamine D2\/D3 receptor availability in the human brain.” Translational psychiatry vol. 5,4 e549. 14 Apr. 2015, doi:10.1038\/tp.2015.46; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4462609\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eSolinas, Marcello, et al. “Caffeine Induces Dopamine and Glutamate Release in the Shell of the Nucleus Accumbens.” The Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 22, no. 15, 1 Aug. 2002, pp. 6321–6324, doi:10.1523\/jneurosci.22-15-06321.2002; https:\/\/www.jneurosci.org\/content\/22\/15\/6321\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003edePaula, Juliana, and Adriana Farah. “Caffeine Consumption through Coffee: Content in the Beverage, Metabolism, Health Benefits and Risks.” Beverages, vol. 5, no. 2, 1 June 2019, p. 37, doi:10.3390\/beverages5020037; https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2306-5710\/5\/2\/37\/htm\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eGuessous, Idris, et al. “Associations of Ambulatory Blood Pressure with Urinary Caffeine and Caffeine Metabolite Excretions.” Hypertension, vol. 65, no. 3, Mar. 2015, pp. 691–696, doi:10.1161\/hypertensionaha.114.04512; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/25489060\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eStavric, B. “Methylxanthines: Toxicity to Humans. 3. Theobromine, Paraxanthine and the Combined Effects of Methylxanthines.” Food and Chemical Toxicology, vol. 26, no. 8, Jan. 1988, pp. 725–733, doi:10.1016\/0278-6915(88)90073-7; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/3058562\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eOkuro, Masashi et al. “Effects of paraxanthine and caffeine on sleep, locomotor activity, and body temperature in orexin\/ataxin-3 transgenic narcoleptic mice.” Sleep vol. 33,7 (2010): 930-42. doi:10.1093\/sleep\/33.7.930; https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC2894435\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eBarnes, Peter J. “Theophylline”. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. Volume 188, Issue 8. 03 May 2013. Doi: 10.1164\/rccm.201302-0388PP; https:\/\/www.atsjournals.org\/doi\/full\/10.1164\/rccm.201302-0388PP\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003ePurpura, Martin, et al; “Paraxanthine-based bioactive composition and method of use thereof”. United States Patent and Trademark Office. Patent US20230072854A1. 9 Mar. 2023; https:\/\/patents.google.com\/patent\/WO2021151094A1\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eWittayalertpanya, Supeecha, et al. “Paraxanthine\/Caffeine Ratio: As an Index for CYP1A2 Activity in Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Exposed Subjects.” Journal of the Medical Association of Thailand = Chotmaihet Thangphaet, vol. 86 Suppl 2, 1 June 2003, pp. S310-317; https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/12930004\/\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eSilveri MM et al. Citicoline enhances frontal lobe bioenergetics as measured by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NMR Biomed. 2008; 21(10):1066-75.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eMcGlade E. et al. Improved Attentional Performance Following Citicoline Administration in Healthy Adult Women. Food and Nutrition Sciences. 2012;3:769-773.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eMcGlade E, et al. The Effect of Citicoline Supplementation on Motor Speed and Attention in Adolescent Males. Journal of Attention Disorders. 2015; 1557-1246.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eNakazaki E, et al., J Nutr. 2021 Aug 7;151(8):2153-2160.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eFioravanti, M., \u0026amp; Buckley, A. E. (2006). Citicoline (Cognizin) in the treatment of cognitive impairment. Clinical interventions in aging, 1(3), 247–251. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2147\/ciia.2006.1.3.247Babb SM, et al. Chronic citicoline increases phosphodiesters in the brains of healthy older subjects: an in vivo phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy study. Psychopharmacology (Berl). (2002)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p7\"\u003eSilveri MM, et al. Citicoline enhances frontal lobe bioenergetics as measured by phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy. NMR Biomed. (2008)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003ePNAS, Sep 20 2005, 102(38):13681-13686. L-citrulline and L-arginine supplementation retards the progression of high-cholesterol-diet-induced atherosclerosis in rabbits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eBr J Clin Pharma, 2008, 65:51-59\u003cspan class=\"Apple-converted-space\"\u003e  \u003c\/span\u003ePharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of oral L-citrulline and L-arginine: impact on nitric oxide metabolism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eUrology, Jan 2011, 77(1):119-22. Oral L-citrulline supplementation improves erection hardness in men with mild erectile dysfunction\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eTangphao O, et al. Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral L-arginine in normal volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. (1999).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eCuris E, Crenn P, Cynober L. Citrulline and the gut. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. (2007).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eBahri S, et al. Mechanisms and kinetics of citrulline uptake in a model of human intestinal epithelial cells. Clin Nutr. (2008).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eTakeda K, et al. Effects of citrulline supplementation on fatigue and exercise performance in mice. J Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo). (2011)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eDrozak J, et al Molecular identification of carnosine synthase as ATP-grasp domain-containing protein 1 (ATPGD1) . J Biol Chem. (2010)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eMiyaji T, et al Expression profiles of carnosine synthesis-related genes in mice after ingestion of carnosine or ß-alanine . J Int Soc Sports Nutr. (2012)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eChez MG, et al Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of L-carnosine supplementation in children with autistic spectrum disorders . J Child Neurol. (2002)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p2\"\u003eHipkiss AR On the enigma of carnosine’s anti-ageing actions . Exp Gerontol. 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B Vitamins and the Brain: Mechanisms, Dose and Efficacy--A Review. \u003ci\u003eNutrients\u003c\/i\u003e, \u003ci\u003e8\u003c\/i\u003e(2), 68. \u003ca href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu8020068\"\u003e\u003cspan class=\"s4\"\u003ehttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu8020068\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eTang L. L., Wang R., Tang X. C. (2005). Effects of huperzine A on secretion of nerve growth factor in cultured rat cortical astrocytes and neurite outgrowth in rat PC12 cells. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 26, 673–67810.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eTuszynski M. H., Sang H., Yoshida K., Gage F. H. (1991). Recombinant human nerve growth factor infusions prevent cholinergic neuronal degeneration in the adult primate brain. Ann. Neurol. 30, 625–63610.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eWang C. Y., Zheng W., Wang T., Xie J. W., Wang S. L., Zhao B. L., et al. (2011). Huperzine A activates Wnt\/β-catenin signaling and enhances the nonamyloidogenic pathway in an Alzheimer transgenic mouse model. Neuropsychopharmacology 36, 1073– 108910.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eWang L. M., Han Y. F., Tang X. C. (2000). Huperzine A improves cognitive deficits caused by chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 398, 65–7210. Wang R., Xiao X. Q., Tang X. C. (2001a). Huperzine A attenuates hydrogen peroxideinduced apoptosis by regulating expression of apoptosis-related genes in rat PC12 cells. Neuroreport 12, 2629–2634.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eWang R., Zhang H. Y., Tang X. C. (2001b). Huperzine A attenuates cognitive dysfunction and neuronal degeneration caused by beta- amyloid protein-(1–40) in rat. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 421, 149–15610.1016\/S0014-2999(01)01030-5. Wang X. D., Zhang J. M., Yang H. H., Hu G. Y. (1999).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p9\"\u003eModulation of NMDA receptor by huperzine A in rat cerebral cortex. Acta Pharmacol. Sin. 20, 31–35. Wang Y. E., Yue D. X., Tang X. C. (1986). Anti-cholinesterase activity of huperzine A. [Article in Chinese]. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao 7, 110–113.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eLever M, Sizeland PC, Bason LM, Hayman CM, Chambers ST. Glycine betaine and proline betaine in human blood and urine. Biochim Biophys Acta1994;1200:259–64.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eSakura N, Ono H, Nomura S, Ueda H, Fujita N. Betaine dose and treatment intervals in therapy for homocystinuria due to 5, 10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase deficiency. J Inherit Metab Dis1998;21:84–5.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eVirtanen E, Junnila M, Soivio A. Effects of food containing betaine\/amino acid additive on the osmotic adaptation of young Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. Aquaculture 1989;83:109–22.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eBloomer RJ, Farney TM, Trepanowski JF, McCarthy CG, Canale RE. Effect of betaine supplementation on plasma nitrate\/nitrite in exercise-trained men. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2011 Mar 18;8:5.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eCraig SA. Betaine in human nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004; 80: 539–549. Hoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Kang J, Rashti SL, Faigenbaum AD. Effect of betaine supplementation on power performance and fatigue. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2009 Feb 27;6:7.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eHoffman JR, Ratamess NA, Kang J, Gonzalez AM, Beller NA, Craig SA. Effect of 15 days of betaine ingestion on concentric and eccentric force outputs during isokinetic exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Aug;25(8):2235-41.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eLee EC, Maresh CM, Kraemer WJ, Yamamoto LM, Hatfield DL, Bailey BL, Armstrong LE, Volek JS, McDermott BP, Craig SA. Ergogenic effects of betaine supplementation on strength and power performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 Jul 19;7:27.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eOrtiz-Costa S, Sorenson MM, Sola-Penna M (2002) Counteracting effects of urea and methylamines in function and structure of skeletal muscle myosin. Arch Biochem Biophys 408:272–278\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003ePryor JL, Craig SA, Swensen T. Effect of betaine supplementation on cycling sprint performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2012 Apr 3;9(1):12.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eTrepanowski JF, Farney TM, McCarthy CG, Schilling BK, Craig SA, Bloomer RJ. The effects of chronic betaine supplementation on exercise performance, skeletal muscle oxygen saturation and associated biochemical parameters in resistance trained men. J Strength Cond Res. 2011 Dec;25(12):3461-71.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eLee, T., Wu, J., Jean, W. H., Condello, G., Alkhatib, A., Hsieh, C. C., Hsieh, Y. W., Huang, C. Y., \u0026amp; Kuo, C. H. (2021). Reduced stem cell aging in exercised human skeletal muscle is enhanced by ginsenoside Rg1. Aging, 13(12), 16567–16576. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18632\/aging.203176\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003ePumpa KL, Fallon KE, Bensoussan A, Papalia S. The effects of Panax notoginseng on delayed onset muscle soreness and muscle damage in well-trained males: a double blind randomised controlled trial. Complement Ther Med. 2013 Jun;21(3):131-40.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eMartin-Rincon M, Morales-Alamo D, Calbet JAL. Exercise-mediated modulation of autophagy in skeletal muscle. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2018 Mar;28(3):772-81.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eLi QJ, Nan Y, Qin JJ, Yang Y, Hao XJ, Yang XS. [Chemical constituents from medical and edible plants of Rosa roxburghii.] Zhongguo Zhong Ya Za Zhi. 2016 Feb;41(3):451-5.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eLiang MTC, Podolka TD, Chuang WJ. Panax notoginseng supplementation enhances physical performance during endurance exercise. J Strength Cond Res. 2005 Feb;19(1):108-14.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eLiu MH, Zhang Q, Zhang YH, Lu XY, Fu WM, He JY. Chemical analysis of dietary constituents in Rosa roxburghii and Rosa sterilis fruits. Molecules. 2016 Sep9;21(9):1204.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p4\"\u003eKim DH. Chemical diversity of Panax ginseng, Panax quinquefolium, and Panax notoginseng. J Ginseng Res. 2012 Jan;36(1):1-15.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eTurpeinen, A.; Kumpu, M.; Rönnback, M.; Seppo, L.; Kautiainen, H.; Jauhiainen, T.; Vapaatalo, H.; Korpela, R. Antihypertensive and cholesterol-lowering effects of a spread containing bioactive peptides IPP and VPP and plant sterols. J. Funct. Food 2009, 1, 260–265.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eTurpeinen, A.; Ikonen, M.; Kivimaki, A.S.; Kautiainen, H.; Vapaatalo, H.; Korpela, R. A spread containing bioactive milk peptides Ile-Pro-Pro and Val-Pro-Pro, and plant sterols has antuhypertensive and cholesterol-lowering effects. Food Funct. 2012, 3, 621–627.1\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eJauhiainen, T.; Rönnback, M.; Vapaatalo, H.; Wuolle, K.; Kautiainen, H.; Korpela, R. Lactobacillus helveticus fermented milk reduced arterial stiffness in hypertensive subjects. Int. Dairy J. 2007, 17, 1209– 1211.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eUsinger, L.; Ibsen, H.; Linneberg, A.; Azizi, M.; Flambard, B.; Jensen, L. Human in vivo study of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system and the sympathetic activity after 8 weeks daily intake of fermented milk. Clin. Physiol. Funct. Imaging 2010, 30, 162–168.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eItakura, H.; Ikemoto, S.; Terada, S.; Konodo, K. The effect of sour milk on blood pressure in untreated hypertensive and normotensive subjects. J. Jpn. Soc. Clin. Nutr. 2001, 23, 26–31.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eHirota, T.; Ohki, K.; Kawagishi, R.; Kajimoto, Y.; Mizuno, S.; Nakamura, Y.; Kitakaze, M. Casein hydrolysate containing the antihypertensive tripeptides Val-Pro-Pro and Ile-Pro-Pro improves vascular endothelial function independent of blood pressure-lowering effects: Contribution of the inhibitory action of angiotensin-converting enzyme. Hypertens. Res. 2007, 30, 489–496.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eYasuda, K.; Aihara, K.; Komazaki, K.; Mochii, M.; Nakamura, Y. Effect of large intake of tablets containing “lactotripeptides (VPP, IPP)” on blood pressure, pulse rate and clinical parameters in healthy volunteers. J. Nutr. Food 2001, 4, 63–72.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp class=\"p1\"\u003eIshida, Y.; Sagitani, A.; Kaneko, K.; Nakamura, Y.; Mizutani, J.; Masuda, O.; Watanabe, M.; Sato, S.; Shioya, N. Antihypertensive effects of the tablet containing “lactotripeptide (IPP, VPP)” in subjects with high normal blood pressure or mild hypertension. J. Pharmacol. Ther. 2007, 35, 1249–1260\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Mixed Berry Kiwi (Optimus Prime)","offer_id":43902184063152,"sku":"SHOP850057789386","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Blood Orange Passion Fruit (Megatron)","offer_id":43902184128688,"sku":"SHOP850057789409","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Sour Lemon Candy (Bumblebee)","offer_id":43902184095920,"sku":"SHOP850057789393","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Grape Lemonade (Starscream)","offer_id":44779112169648,"sku":"SHOP850057789621","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/ENERGON_MIXEDBERRY_FRONT.png?v=1771856408"},{"product_id":"liquid-l-carnitine-fat-metabolism-support","title":"Liquid L-Carnitine","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFat Metabolism\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnergy Production\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eZero Sugar and Calorie Free\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiquid L-Carnitine helps transport fatty acids into the mitochondria, where they are burned for energy, supporting fat metabolism and workout performance. Research shows it can enhance fat oxidation during exercise, reduce post-training muscle soreness, and improve recovery by increasing blood flow and oxygen delivery to muscles. Fast-absorbing and stimulant-free, it’s ideal for pre-workout use to boost energy, endurance, and overall metabolic health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiquid carnitine is a highly bioavailable form of the amino acid L-carnitine, essential for transporting long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria to be oxidized for efficient energy production. This process supports the body’s ability to utilize stored fat as fuel, which has the potential in aiding in fat loss and improving one’s metabolic efficiency. Due to the fact that liquid carnitine is absorbed faster than capsules or tablets, it can deliver profound benefits more rapidly, thus making it ideal for pre-workout use when quick and simple consumption matters. Research has also shown that carnitine supplementation can enhance fat oxidation during exercise, particularly in endurance-based activities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf we go beyond fat metabolism, carnitine supports mitochondrial function as well as exercise recovery. Studies have demonstrated that L-carnitine supplementation can reduce markers of muscle damage, such as creatine kinase, and limit post-exercise soreness. Carnitine may also improve blood flow and oxygen supply to working muscles by increasing nitric oxide production, which supports both endurance and recovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdditionally, carnitine has been linked to improvements in performance across various modalities. In clinical research, supplementation enhanced high-intensity exercise capacity, improved repeated sprint performance, and delayed fatigue. These effects make liquid carnitine an appealing, stimulant-free option for athletes and active individuals seeking to maximize both energy output and recovery. It’s convenient, flavorful liquid form allows for easy standalone use or stackability with other pre-workout ingredients, offering versatility for a range of training and physique goals.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/CARNITINE.png?v=1754580101\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Blue_Raspberry_SFP_b573ff67-8015-414f-8889-a6d2b373402b.png?v=1754580200\"\u003eFun Sweets® Blue Raspberry\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Cherry_Berry_SFP_688c60f5-466f-4d5d-ae5a-57198ebbfb66.png?v=1754580200\"\u003eFun Sweets® Cherry Berry\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Orange_Cream_SFP_83c93335-4f5c-4350-9a6b-57c6dc7c7abb.png?v=1754580200\"\u003eFun Sweets® Orange Cream\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWall, B.T., Stephens, F.B., Constantin-Teodosiu, D., et al. (2011). Chronic oral ingestion of L-carnitine and carbohydrate increases muscle carnitine content and alters muscle fuel metabolism during exercise in humans. Journal of Physiology, 589(Pt 4), 963–973.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVolek, J.S., Kraemer, W.J., Rubin, M.R., et al. (2002). L-carnitine L-tartrate supplementation favorably affects markers of recovery from exercise stress. American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism, 282(2), E474–E482.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpiering, B.A., Kraemer, W.J., Hatfield, D.L., et al. (2007). Effects of L-carnitine L-tartrate supplementation on muscle oxygenation responses to resistance exercise. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 21(1), 259–265.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMiyadera, H., Sugiura, T., Kawamura, K., et al. (1983). Effect of L-carnitine on exercise tolerance in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris. American Journal of Cardiology, 51(9), 1489–1491.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBroad, E.M., Maughan, R.J., \u0026amp; Galloway, S.D.R. (2005). Carbohydrate, protein, and exercise performance. Sports Medicine, 35(4), 293–305.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGiamberardino, M.A., Dragani, L., Valente, R., et al. (1996). Effects of prolonged L-carnitine administration on delayed muscle pain and recovery after eccentric effort. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 17(5), 320–324.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Fun Sweets® Blue Raspberry","offer_id":44659301253296,"sku":"SHOP850057789805","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Fun Sweets® Cherry Berry","offer_id":44659301220528,"sku":"SHOP850057789812","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Fun Sweets® Orange Cream","offer_id":44659301187760,"sku":"SHOP850057789829","price":29.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/BlueRaspberry.png?v=1771247287"},{"product_id":"creatine-mystery-flavor","title":"Fun Sweets® Creatine Mystery Flavor","description":"\u003cp\u003eCreatine monohydrate has been shown to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncrease muscle mass\/size (when used in conjunction with a resistance training program).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImprove strength, power, and performance in repetitive bouts of brief, high intensity physical activity (e.g. sprints, jumping).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDecrease muscular fatigue in response to high intensity exercise (weight training).\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEvery write-up crafted about creatine, including ours, should simply say: it’s creatine, enough said. This is, after all, the most studied, the most anecdotally verified, and the most well known dietary supplement available to us – and with good reason. The evidence on creatine truly does, “speak for itself.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith that said, much hoopla has arisen over the past few years regarding how to take creatine, when to take creatine, which form is the best, and so on. We have simplified that for you, and provided you the best, highest purity creatine monohydrate on the market at a competitive price – unbeatable, we’d say!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eScience\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCreatine is perhaps the most studied and verified of all dietary supplements, earning its moniker as the, “grandfather of supplements.” Through a number of enzymatic and cellular steps, creatine is first metabolized into a compound known as phosophocreatine, and eventually into a compound known as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) – the so-called, “energy currency” of the human body. As a dietary supplement, the use of creatine over extended periods of time has been linked to a wide-range of physiological benefits, including: cell volumization, increased delivery of plasma (blood) nutrients to the cell, an increase in skeletal muscle total mass and protein synthesis, decrease in muscular fatigue, and increased endurance.\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Core-FunSweets-OrangeCream-Creatine-11x4.25-FINAL_Outlined.pdf?v=1743622496\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44809677832368,"sku":"SHOP850057789966","price":39.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Creatine_MYSTERY_Front.png?v=1761538714"},{"product_id":"fun-sweets®-abc-mystery-flavor","title":"Fun Sweets® ABC Mystery Flavor","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBCAAs\u003c\/strong\u003e - Supports endurance and recovery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBeta alanine\u003c\/strong\u003e - Increase peak power and aerobic capacity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCitrulline malate\u003c\/strong\u003e - Increase synthesis of nitric oxide and ATP\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ciframe height=\"315\" width=\"560\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/mMAmrKIsHHI\"\u003e\u003c\/iframe\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore ABC is the athlete’s BCAA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe use the most effective, scientifically-established ratio of BCAAs because we know it’s the difference between your first mile and your last. We include clinically-verified servings of beta-alanine, citrulline malate, and glutamine because we know your last rep depends on it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 scoops per serving.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e20 servings per container.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive recovery blend.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRep by rep. Mile by mile. Breath by breath. Every muscle screams at you with pleas of mercy; every bone aches to its core from the pressure. Yet, you still don’t quit – you push on. By hook, or by crook, you will make it. You will succeed. You will win. \u003cbr\u003eYou see, you’re an athlete. You are someone defined to your core by the competitive drive to better yourself at all costs. You need neither trophies, nor accolades; neither cheers, nor recognition. You pay the sweat price for every gain marked in your battle-worn ledger, detailing the struggle your body has endured.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou’re an athlete, and so are we. We don’t make Core ABC for everyone, we make it for you and us. We use the most effective, scientifically-established ratio of BCAAs because we know it’s the difference between your first mile and your last. We include clinically-verified servings of beta-alanine, citrulline malate, and glutamine because we know your last rep depends on it. We know this because we know you, and we know ourselves.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore ABC is the athlete’s BCAA. It was formulated by athletes, for athletes, for the needs only an athlete can understand. If you can’t say the same about your BCAA, then it may be time for a switch.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysiological Properties and Effects:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmino Acids:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one were to think of the body as a construction project, amino acids would be the most basic building materials: raw lumber, mortar, bricks, and so on. While the assembly of these building blocks is of course critically important to the function of the building – and one of the amino acids, leucine, controls its own assembly – the quality and availability of the materials themselves is arguably more important. Not enough concrete? The foundation cracks and the building falls.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour body is the exact same way. It is comprised of various amino acids, both essential and non-essential, that comprise the cellular basis of each and every cell in your body. When it comes down to skeletal muscle, the three most important are known as the BCAAs – or branch chained amino acids. Comprised of leucine, isoleucine, and valine, these three little amino acids effectively control the rate at which your muscle grows (hypertrophies), its contractile force, its endurance, and so on – to say they are massively important is an understatement. For this reason, they form the basis of any competently-designed supplement protocol.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCollectively, as stated above, the branch-chained amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine are famous for their role in skeletal muscle protein synthesis and metabolism, and additionally comprise approximately one-third of all skeletal muscle protein. Of the three, leucine is both the most physiologically important with respect to muscle mass, and the most extensively studied. Data on leucine demonstrate this amino acid plays critical roles in stimulating skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and ribosomal biogenesis and assembly (the literal building of muscle tissue), along with playing a lesser role in insulin signaling and gluconeogenic processes. As a result of these diverse roles, leucine has been demonstrated to significantly stimulate skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and attenuate protein degradation, by both insulin-mediated and non-insulin mediated mechanisms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLeucine’s insulin-mediated effects are largely the result of its activation of the classical insulin receptor substrate (IRS)\/phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase (PI3K)\/Akt\/mTOR signal transduction pathway. In this pathway, the bonding of a substrate (glucose) eventually activates a compound known as Akt. Once phosphorylated and activated, Akt signals the release of the famous mammalian target of rapmycin (mTOR). mTOR then increases the translation of muscle-cell ribosomal proteins that increase ribosome biogenesis, which is the literal production of proteins. Leucine has additionally been shown to positively regulate protein synthesis independent of insulin. In certain trials where rapamycin and leucine were co-administered, rapamycin showed only partial inhibition of leucine’s effects on muscle protein synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn more practical terms, there is a significant body of evidence demonstrating the positive effect of BCAA’s on athletic performance. Extensive studies in exercise-trained populations reveal that, collectively, BCAA’s may:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce total muscle soreness after intense resistance training, and\/or further delay its onset.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDecrease muscle recovery time between bouts of intense resistance exercise training.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncrease lean body mass when used daily, in conjunction with diet and exercise.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile products with larger BCAA ratios (ratio of leucine, to isoleucine, to valine) have recently flooded the market, Core Nutritionals has remained with the gold standard of 2:1:1. This decision is made in recognition of the fact that, for all its potential benefits, there is no evidence demonstrating a realized effect of a larger BCAA ratio – and in fact, all the benefits mentioned above derive from evidence using the gold standard 2:1:1 ratio.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBeta-Alanine:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know \u003cem\u003eprecisely \u003c\/em\u003ehow its working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basic behind carnosine itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been show to improve performance in the following ways:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitrulline Malate:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid heavily involved in the urea cycle. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues. Arginine, in turn, is used as the substrate by NOS (nitric oxide synthase) to produce NO, more commonly known as nitric oxide.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlutamine:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrior to discussing the physiological effects of glutamine – and more specifically, whether or not it poses any tangible benefits to the proliferation of skeletal muscle tissue – we need to discuss its place in supplementation, in general. Glutamine is perhaps the most lamented of all the amino acids, regularly denigrated to the point that it’s a joke to many athletes. This is largely a problem of perception: glutamine is not, specifically speaking, an anabolic amino acid, and therefore is of little use as it pertains to, “building tissue.” But, “building tissue” is not the only purpose a supplement may have, and the corollary, preserving tissue (or anti-catabolism) is arguably as important. It is in this capacity that glutamine shines, and for this reason it is included in Core ABC.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe literature in this context is encouraging. Various studies demonstrate that glutamine supplementation may suppress or inhibit the action of enzymes known as proteases, responsible for the hydrolytic breakdown of protein and amino acids into smaller compounds. These studies show both site-specific and whole-body reductions in this process known as, “proteolysis” in the later stages of skeletal muscle recovery. While encouraging, these data are perhaps not as promising as glutamine’s more indirect effects on the catabolic process – namely its effect on glucose metabolism. In both in vitro and in vivo trials, glutamine has shown the ability to promote the synthesis and storage of glycogen (glycogenesis), both in concert with an independent of carbohydrate ingestion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese effects are most pronounced in physiologic situations where carbohydrate metabolism reliant on insulin signaling are compromised – such as the chronic caloric deficits present in a dieting situation. In this context, glutamine may function as a critical addition, potentiating the body’s glycogen synthesis and storage response; maximizing the limited amount of carbohydrates a dieter may be ingesting.\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Core-ABC-Product-References.pdf?3293305065628548219\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44809685893296,"sku":"SHOP850057790085","price":39.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/ABC_MYSTERY_Front.png?v=1761539518"},{"product_id":"fun-sweets®-hydrate-mystery-flavor","title":"Fun Sweets® Hydrate Mystery Flavor","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFull Blend of Electrolytes\u003c\/strong\u003e- Can replace key electrolytes lost during intense training.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eElevATP\u003c\/strong\u003e®- Can increase levels of endogenous ATP.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eSenActiv\u003c\/strong\u003e®- Can promote muscle energy and regeneration.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHydration is one of the most important factors in athletic performance. Yet, many of the mass marketed “sports drinks” widely available today fail to properly address the issues posed by sustained periods of intense exercise. A broad base of research demonstrates that proper hydration and electrolyte levels can delay fatigue, increase endurance, reduce delayed onset muscle soreness, and increase a wide range of athletic performance metrics.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAt Core Nutritionals®, we’ve reimagined the hydration process with our comprehensive electrolyte and hydration blend: HYDRATE. Core HYDRATE was developed with a comprehensive blend of cutting-edge ingredients and traditional electrolytes to address most, if not all, major important metabolic pathways associated with rehydration during intense physical activity. Core HYDRATE’s key ingredients have been demonstrated in scientific literature to have a range of positive effects, including, but not limited to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAvoiding premature fatigue and muscle failures\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReenergizing and rejuvenating cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProtecting against free radical damage\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreasing endogenous ATP production\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eEnhancing power output, strength, and overall athletic performance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eImproving stamina and recovery time\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eContained in single serve and portable packaging, Core HYDRATE can help you maintain your standards of athletic performance as a comprehensive source of hydration and electrolytes no matter where you are. With 4 amazing flavor options, you’ll be well equipped with everything you need to take your workouts to the next level!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eVitamin C (as ascorbic acid)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVitamin C is perhaps historically best-known for the treatment and prevention of scurvy, though it has many other roles in the body. For example, vitamin C catalyzes or is a cofactor in eight enzymatic reactions involved in the synthesis of collagen, the nutrient carnitine, and several neurotransmitters necessary for the proper function of the brain.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the contemporary context, vitamin C is best known as a potent antioxidant. In addition to its intrinsic activity as an antioxidant, vitamin C has been shown in in vitro trials to regenerate alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E). As an antioxidant, vitamin C combats the detrimental effects of a group of compounds called radical oxygen species that, when produced, degrade the lipid membrane of the cell and may cause internal damage. By “scavenging” these free radicals, vitamin C and other antioxidants form a defense against excess cellular damage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCalcium (as calcium carbonate, calcium citrate, dicalcium malate (DimaCal®))\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile best-known as the main bioactive in milk, and a compound that contributes to strong bones, calcium has numerous physiological effects in the body. As a key electrolyte it is responsible for mediating vascular contraction and vasodilatation, muscle function, nerve transmission, intracellular signaling, and hormonal secretion. Homeostatic regulation of calcium, which the body cannot produce, also requires sufficient levels of vitamin D. In the context of muscular contraction and relaxation, if calcium is required for strong contractions, magnesium is required for efficient relaxation of those muscle fibers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDimaCal® is a trademarked form of dicalcium malate, which is calcium bonded with malic acid. It has been shown in studies to be a much better absorbed form of calcium and has the ability to maintain serum calcium levels for a much longer period of time. This can lead to a better maintained electrolyte level and greater performance where calcium is required.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMagnesium (as magnesium carbonate, magnesium bisglycinate chelate (TRAACS®), magnesium citrate, magnesium glycinate glutamine chelate (TRAACS®))\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMagnesium, an often-overlooked electrolyte, is the second most abundant intracellular cation (after potassium). It is a cofactor to over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body and is required for cellular energy metabolism, functioning of the sodium\/potassium adenosine triphosphatase pump, nerve conduction, and ion transport. Magnesium is also required for the use of the body’s energy currency, ATP. To become biologically active, ATP must be bound to magnesium to form Mg-ATP. In addition, magnesium is necessary for the proper function of cells with calcium and potassium gated ion channels such as heart and muscle cells. Working alongside calcium, magnesium plays a crucial role in the body by regulating muscular contractions as well as cramp prevention. In the context of muscle health and rehydration, the longer and more intense a bout of physical activity is, the more magnesium is lost primarily through sweat and urine. This loss of electrolyte balance requires its replenishment so that physical performance can remain at its peak throughout the duration of the activity reducing the risk of injury or bodily harm. Regardless of the type of sport or exercise, muscular contractions and energy production could not occur consistently without the presence of magnesium.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eZinc (as zinc bisglycinate chelate (Albion®))\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs an essential mineral, like magnesium, zinc is also involved in a wide-range of essential biological functions in the human body – and a requirement in the catalytic activity of over 100 enzymes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMost notably, zinc is vital for immune function, protein synthesis, cellular division, and DNA synthesis. For immune function, zinc is required for the function of a group of immune cells known as neutrophils and macrophages, which eliminate pathological cells and their products from the body.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith magnesium, sufficient levels of zinc are also necessary for the production and maintenance of healthy levels of testosterone.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eChloride (as potassium chloride)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChloride is one of the most important electrolytes in the human body. Similar to sodium and potassium, which will be discussed below, chloride creates specific channels in cell membranes which help to carry out different vital tasks. It is responsible for balancing the fluids on the inside of the cells with the fluids on the outside of the cells, as well as maintaining proper blood volume, blood pressure, and fluid pH. Chloride is also important for muscle and heart contraction as well as to aid in the carrying of nerve impulses between our nerve cells and our brain and the rest of the body. Additionally, chloride is needed to help red blood cells exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs as well as plays a role in the digestion of foods by supporting hydrochloric acid production in the stomach. We often lose chloride through sweat and perspiration, which comes in the form of water and salt. Replenishment of chloride can come from utilizing salt (often found as sodium-chloride, or table salt), cheese, canned fish, and some processed meats. Overconsumption of some of these foods may not be beneficial for some individuals, so supplementation may be the best way for these individuals to replenish chloride in their bodies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSodium (as sodium citrate, sodium bicarbonate)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSodium, like chloride above, is one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium in order to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again in order to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body. The standard American diet is often overloaded with sodium and coupled with inactivity, which can lead to poor health and dysfunction. It is important to engage in physical activity of some kind most days and to eat a diet that is balanced in nutrients in order to maintain proper health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePotassium (as potassium citrate, coconut water concentrate, potassium glycinate chelate (TRAACS®))\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePotassium, as sodium’s counterpart, acts as a critical electrolyte primarily by helping to maintain normal levels of fluids inside of our cells. Additionally, it helps muscles to contract and relax, aid in strong nerve function, as well as support normal blood pressure. It works very closely with sodium to create the membrane potential needed for the electrical currents that generate these functions to pass from one cell to the next. While the potassium levels in our body are regulated carefully, a diet lacking sufficient amounts of potassium (especially when combined with excess sodium) or one that contains too much potassium can eventually lead to certain types of dysfunctions and poor health status. When potassium levels in the body increase, the adrenal glands release the hormone aldosterone, which causes the kidneys to excrete excess potassium through the urine. When potassium levels are too low, aldosterone levels are suppressed, which can lead to conservation of potassium thus interfering with balance and negatively affecting transport channels that affect vital bodily functions. Potassium can be gotten from the diet in the form of fresh fruits and vegetables, such as sweet potatoes, beans, tomatoes, spinach and broccoli but supplementing can be an essential application as well to support an active lifestyle where excretion is higher than can be replenished through diet.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eL-Taurine\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThrough traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCoconut Water Concentrate (Cocos nucifera)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoconut water, like the name implies, is the liquid that is found within the coconut itself. Often having a slightly sweet, nutty flavor, it also contains an adequate amount of vitamins, minerals, and electrolytes like potassium, sodium, and magnesium. All of these electrolytes, like discussed in sections above, can help to boost hydration status and replenish nutrients lost through exercise or rigorous everyday activities. Potassium is the highest concentration in coconut water at roughly 600mg per cup (16% DV), which as discussed about it has a vital role in optimally functioning kidneys and strong muscle contractions. Potassium can also work to keep fluid levels and other electrolytes balanced during exercise. The high concentration of potassium in coconut water specifically can balance our sodium’s effects on blood pressure, and even lower blood pressure slightly, which can have its own benefits towards training and overall health and circulatory health. In addition to the added electrolytes that coconut water can provide, it also can provide a potent number of antioxidants that can aid in the neutralization of free radicals that can rapidly take over during intense training. By eliminating these free radicals, muscles will be able to perform longer and more efficiently, as well as be able to recover adequately. While general water consumption can be adequate as well, the added electrolytes coconut water can supply provides an added benefit that can improve performance and overall recovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eElevATP® (Ancient Peat and Apple Extract)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAdenosine triphosphate and other ATP metabolites are involved in a number of biological processes including cardiac function, blood flow, muscle contraction and neurotransmission. ATP is the primary molecule that acts as a carrier for energy within cells. It has also often been studied those increased levels of ATP have shown increases in health and performance. Supplementation with exogenous ATP has often shown its ability to increase ATP concentrations in blood. Oral supplementation with ancient peat and apple extracts have exhibited their ability to increase intracellular and intramuscular ATP levels. ElevATP® is a blend these specific polyphenols that can work to increase endogenous ATP levels without a simultaneous increase in serum lactate. The significance of this is that usually with an increase in endogenous ATP there is an increase in intracellular free radicals. When these free radicals are not present, oxidative stress is mitigated and there is more potential for the beneficial increases in ATP to take center stage. These increases of ATP are essential as when available energy is increased it can have positive benefits in terms of increased power, strength, and overall exercise performance. One study in particular looked at dosing ElevATP® against placebo and showed that the group who received ElevATP® saw a blood ATP increase of 45% on average along with no increase in oxidative blood glucose. This type of result has been shown repeatedly in studies and has given ElevATP® the reputation to be a beneficial compound for the goals of improving endurance, strength, power, and other training specific adaptations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eConcenTrace® AC (Trace Mineral Complex)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOur bodies are high functioning machines and require a lot of support to continue to perform at a high-level day in and day out. A lot of these needs are difficult to be acquired by diet alone, so supplementation is critical. Minerals are included in these daily needs and are vital to the bodies many processes. ConcenTrace® AC is a high-quality trace mineral complex providing a comprehensive blend of nutrients that are often hard to acquire from diet alone. Its manufacturing process makes it up to 26x more concentrated than other colloidal trace minerals, adding to its benefits. These minerals contained in the product are catalysts for all of the vitamins and other nutrients our body requires to function at an optimal level and maintain health. Some of these functions include electrolyte replacement, maintaining pH balance in the body, nourishing hair and skin, strengthening bones and joints, regulating the digestive system, and improving athletic performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSenactiv® (Panax notoginseng (root) and Rosa roxburghii (fruit)) Extracts\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSenactiv®, derived from extracts of Panax notoginseng and Rosa roxburghii, has been shown to act in a few pathways to reenergize and rejuvenate cells within the body that take a beating on a daily basis. Ultimately this product falls within a category known as senolytics, or compounds that primarily work to induce cell death. This may not sound ideal as we need our cells to function, but the key is to ensure that these compounds are working on the right kinds of cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe human body does contain many senescent cells, which are old cells and can be deteriorating. How these senolytics work to promote health is by speeding up the breakdown of these older cells as well as encouraging the grow of new, vibrant cells. The other benefit of Senactiv® and its ingredients is its ability to protect against muscle damage. Ginseng in particular has been shown to help reduce the proinflammatory state that is associated with rigorous training. Where this is going to benefit is to reduce inflammation and jumpstart the recovery process of torn down muscle fibers so these cells can begin to scar and grow stronger. The other benefit that ginseng has been able to show is it has been shown to improve VO2 mas by about 20% when compared to a control group in studies. This improvement can significantly improve oxygen uptake to increase delivery to muscle cells for the ability to push harder and longer.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOn another angle of recovery, Senactiv® has been shown to improve the rate of glycogen storage after exercise. When glycogen can be stored efficiently post exercise it has the ability to attenuate the structural damage associated with training by allowing those carbohydrates and sugars going towards recovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSenactiv® is a unique blend of ingredients but with sound research and application behind but with its benefits towards improved cell regeneration, VO2 max, and recovery, it is a great addition to this hydration product.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":44809694478512,"sku":"SHOP850057789232","price":39.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/HYDRATE_MYSTERY_SIDED.png?v=1761539983"},{"product_id":"puddn-bag","title":"Pudd'n Bag","description":"","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Banana Chocolate PB Chip","offer_id":44848364290224,"sku":"SHOP850057789973","price":39.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough","offer_id":44848364322992,"sku":"SHOP850057789980","price":39.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Death By Chocolate","offer_id":44848364355760,"sku":"SHOP850057789997","price":39.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/PUDDNP_BCPBC_FRONT.png?v=1763502738"},{"product_id":"fun-sweets®-abc","title":"Fun Sweets® ABC","description":"\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBCAAs\u003c\/strong\u003e - Supports endurance and recovery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eBeta alanine\u003c\/strong\u003e - Increase peak power and aerobic capacity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCitrulline malate\u003c\/strong\u003e - Increase synthesis of nitric oxide and ATP\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore ABC is the athlete’s BCAA.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWe use the most effective, scientifically-established ratio of BCAAs because we know it’s the difference between your first mile and your last. We include clinically-verified servings of beta-alanine, citrulline malate, and glutamine because we know your last rep depends on it.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2 scoops per serving.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e20 servings per container.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive recovery blend.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRep by rep. Mile by mile. Breath by breath. Every muscle screams at you with pleas of mercy; every bone aches to its core from the pressure. Yet, you still don’t quit – you push on. By hook, or by crook, you will make it. You will succeed. You will win. \u003cbr\u003eYou see, you’re an athlete. You are someone defined to your core by the competitive drive to better yourself at all costs. You need neither trophies, nor accolades; neither cheers, nor recognition. You pay the sweat price for every gain marked in your battle-worn ledger, detailing the struggle your body has endured.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYou’re an athlete, and so are we. We don’t make Core ABC for everyone, we make it for you and us. We use the most effective, scientifically-established ratio of BCAAs because we know it’s the difference between your first mile and your last. We include clinically-verified servings of beta-alanine, citrulline malate, and glutamine because we know your last rep depends on it. We know this because we know you, and we know ourselves.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore ABC is the athlete’s BCAA. It was formulated by athletes, for athletes, for the needs only an athlete can understand. If you can’t say the same about your BCAA, then it may be time for a switch.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePhysiological Properties and Effects:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAmino Acids:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf one were to think of the body as a construction project, amino acids would be the most basic building materials: raw lumber, mortar, bricks, and so on. While the assembly of these building blocks is of course critically important to the function of the building – and one of the amino acids, leucine, controls its own assembly – the quality and availability of the materials themselves is arguably more important. Not enough concrete? The foundation cracks and the building falls.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eYour body is the exact same way. It is comprised of various amino acids, both essential and non-essential, that comprise the cellular basis of each and every cell in your body. When it comes down to skeletal muscle, the three most important are known as the BCAAs – or branch chained amino acids. Comprised of leucine, isoleucine, and valine, these three little amino acids effectively control the rate at which your muscle grows (hypertrophies), its contractile force, its endurance, and so on – to say they are massively important is an understatement. For this reason, they form the basis of any competently-designed supplement protocol.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCollectively, as stated above, the branch-chained amino acids leucine, isoleucine, and valine are famous for their role in skeletal muscle protein synthesis and metabolism, and additionally comprise approximately one-third of all skeletal muscle protein. Of the three, leucine is both the most physiologically important with respect to muscle mass, and the most extensively studied. Data on leucine demonstrate this amino acid plays critical roles in stimulating skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and ribosomal biogenesis and assembly (the literal building of muscle tissue), along with playing a lesser role in insulin signaling and gluconeogenic processes. As a result of these diverse roles, leucine has been demonstrated to significantly stimulate skeletal muscle protein synthesis, and attenuate protein degradation, by both insulin-mediated and non-insulin mediated mechanisms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLeucine’s insulin-mediated effects are largely the result of its activation of the classical insulin receptor substrate (IRS)\/phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase (PI3K)\/Akt\/mTOR signal transduction pathway. In this pathway, the bonding of a substrate (glucose) eventually activates a compound known as Akt. Once phosphorylated and activated, Akt signals the release of the famous mammalian target of rapmycin (mTOR). mTOR then increases the translation of muscle-cell ribosomal proteins that increase ribosome biogenesis, which is the literal production of proteins. Leucine has additionally been shown to positively regulate protein synthesis independent of insulin. In certain trials where rapamycin and leucine were co-administered, rapamycin showed only partial inhibition of leucine’s effects on muscle protein synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn more practical terms, there is a significant body of evidence demonstrating the positive effect of BCAA’s on athletic performance. Extensive studies in exercise-trained populations reveal that, collectively, BCAA’s may:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eReduce total muscle soreness after intense resistance training, and\/or further delay its onset.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDecrease muscle recovery time between bouts of intense resistance exercise training.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncrease lean body mass when used daily, in conjunction with diet and exercise.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile products with larger BCAA ratios (ratio of leucine, to isoleucine, to valine) have recently flooded the market, Core Nutritionals has remained with the gold standard of 2:1:1. This decision is made in recognition of the fact that, for all its potential benefits, there is no evidence demonstrating a realized effect of a larger BCAA ratio – and in fact, all the benefits mentioned above derive from evidence using the gold standard 2:1:1 ratio.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBeta-Alanine:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of caronsine are essential, but we don’t know \u003cem\u003eprecisely \u003c\/em\u003ehow its working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEnter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. In order to understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basic behind carnosine itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCarnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literature reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular caronsine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been show to improve performance in the following ways:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eBoth acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHighly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIncreases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCitrulline Malate:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid heavily involved in the urea cycle. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues. Arginine, in turn, is used as the substrate by NOS (nitric oxide synthase) to produce NO, more commonly known as nitric oxide.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, that citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, that citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGlutamine:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePrior to discussing the physiological effects of glutamine – and more specifically, whether or not it poses any tangible benefits to the proliferation of skeletal muscle tissue – we need to discuss its place in supplementation, in general. Glutamine is perhaps the most lamented of all the amino acids, regularly denigrated to the point that it’s a joke to many athletes. This is largely a problem of perception: glutamine is not, specifically speaking, an anabolic amino acid, and therefore is of little use as it pertains to, “building tissue.” But, “building tissue” is not the only purpose a supplement may have, and the corollary, preserving tissue (or anti-catabolism) is arguably as important. It is in this capacity that glutamine shines, and for this reason it is included in Core ABC.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe literature in this context is encouraging. Various studies demonstrate that glutamine supplementation may suppress or inhibit the action of enzymes known as proteases, responsible for the hydrolytic breakdown of protein and amino acids into smaller compounds. These studies show both site-specific and whole-body reductions in this process known as, “proteolysis” in the later stages of skeletal muscle recovery. While encouraging, these data are perhaps not as promising as glutamine’s more indirect effects on the catabolic process – namely its effect on glucose metabolism. In both in vitro and in vivo trials, glutamine has shown the ability to promote the synthesis and storage of glycogen (glycogenesis), both in concert with an independent of carbohydrate ingestion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese effects are most pronounced in physiologic situations where carbohydrate metabolism reliant on insulin signaling are compromised – such as the chronic caloric deficits present in a dieting situation. In this context, glutamine may function as a critical addition, potentiating the body’s glycogen synthesis and storage response; maximizing the limited amount of carbohydrates a dieter may be ingesting.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cimg src=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/supplement-facts-ABC400-2023.jpg?v=1701681879\"\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_ABC_2023_11.25x5-GUMMY_SNAKES-FIN_1.pdf?v=1701426839\"\u003eAustralian Gummy Snakes Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_ABC_2023_11.25x5-LEMON_DROP-FIN_1.pdf?v=1701426840\"\u003eLemon Drop Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_ABC_2023_11.25x5-PATRIOT_POP-FIN_1.pdf?v=1701426840\"\u003ePatriot Pop Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_ABC_2023_11.25x5-WHITE_PINEAPPLE-FIN_1.pdf?v=1701426839\"\u003eWhite Pineapple Strawberry Label\u003c\/a\u003e \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/core_ABC_2023_11.25x5-NATURAL-FIN_1.pdf?v=1701426840\"\u003eMixed Berry Label\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"ticks\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/Core-ABC-Product-References.pdf?3293305065628548219\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eDownload References\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Fun Sweets® Blue Raspberry","offer_id":44871086211248,"sku":"SHOP850757001252","price":34.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Fun Sweets® Cherry Berry","offer_id":44871086244016,"sku":"SHOP850757001269","price":34.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Fun Sweets® Orange Cream","offer_id":44871086276784,"sku":"SHOP850757001283","price":34.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Fun Sweets® Mystery Flavor","offer_id":44871086309552,"sku":"SHOP850057790085","price":34.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/ABC_BR_FRONT.png?v=1766502853"},{"product_id":"collagen-indulgence","title":"Collagen Indulgence","description":"\u003ch2 class=\"slogan\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJOINTS\/HAIR, SKIN, NAILS\/BONES\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMedium Chain Triglycerides\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoconut oil made of 100% Medium chain triglycerides has been shown to have the greatest health benefits. MCTs are made up of a chemical structure that allows them to quickly and effectively bypass gastric uptake for transport directly to the liver for oxidation and then used for energy. Their unusual chemical structure and metabolic process has resulted in MCTs being a focus for a wide range of therapeutic and exercise supplement uses.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the context of exercise science, recent research has shown that MCTs significantly (up to 65%) increase resting energy expenditure, along with dose-dependently reducing fatty acid deposition in adipose tissue. These results suggest that MCTs are effectively increasing the body’s metabolic response to food intake.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThey also allow for a rich and smooth mouthfeel, which in the context of a collagen creamer, this will add a velvety addition to your favorite beverage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCollagen is by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework, as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplements have become increasingly popular as of late, but most people do not know that the type of collagen matters just as much as the quality of the source. Core has combined Collagen Types I and III from high quality bovine hide that works to provide strength for structures such as skin, tendons, bones, connective tissues, teeth, muscles, organs, and arteries.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCollagen and its many types are by far the most plentiful protein found in the human body. It makes up the body’s skeletal framework as well as provides integrity to ligaments, tendons, and other connective tissues found inside the body. It is also a primary component of healthy hair, skin, nails, as well as other important structures of the body. Collagen supplementation has become increasingly popular, especially for its cosmetic benefits. When it comes to your skin, as the largest organ in the body, it relies very heavily on the presence of collagen (skin is roughly 70% collagen protein). As we age, natural collagen production begins to slow, and we have to rely on dietary sources to keep collagen levels up. Foods like chicken, bone broth, fish, citrus fruits, berries, garlic, and leafy greens contain nutrients that can stimulate natural collagen formation, but supplementing with collagen protein (and its specific types) can also be crucially beneficial.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eType I\u003c\/strong\u003e specifically benefits your skin health. One randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial confirmed that skin aging can be addressed using nutrients, such as collagen, that are able to promote skin health. Results showed that after three months of oral intake, skin hydration, elasticity, roughness, and density all showed significant improvements. Also, since the nutrients were taken orally, a deeper dermatological activation was achieved, which can equate to a longer lasting regeneration of skin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eType III\u003c\/strong\u003e collagen on the other hand is found in the walls of arteries and organs such as the esophagus, spleen, pancreas, and gallbladder. It can also be found in some muscle fibers. As with the skin, as we age, the structural integrity of tissues can begin to degenerate. Supplementation can provide an extra backbone of support when adequate nutrients are not being taken in to aid in supporting an optimally functioning digestive system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCollagen protein can also be a great protein type for those who do not digest other protein powders very well. It is well tolerated by most consumers and offers another high-quality source of protein that can ultimately increase the function of digestive organs that work to break down and absorb other whole food sources and proteins. As a result, collagen protein can arguably be seen as one of the most beneficial types of protein one can consume.\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/P65_Collagen_CHOCOLATE-FIN.pdf?v=1654069447\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Death By Chocolate","offer_id":44895981895856,"sku":"SHOP850080302026","price":44.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Vanilla Ice Cream","offer_id":44895981928624,"sku":"SHOP850057789881","price":44.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/COLL_CH_FRONT_39f28997-b2ee-4519-80b6-b3d5e33e36c3.png?v=1767388327"},{"product_id":"creatine-chews","title":"Creatine Chews","description":"\u003cp\u003eCORE Nutritionals® Creatine Chews are an anabolic candy you’ll look forward to! Each serving delivers 5 grams of creatine monohydrate, enhanced with sea salt to support hydration and performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith only 2 grams of sugar and just 10 calories, Creatine Chews make taking creatine simple, delicious, and convenient. Enjoy 30 servings per bottle—perfect for the gym, travel, or on-the-go performance.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Tropical Mango Pineapple","offer_id":44932000350384,"sku":"SHOP850080302316","price":24.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Strawberry Lemonade","offer_id":44932000383152,"sku":"SHOP850757001047","price":24.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/CHEWS_TMP_FRONT.png?v=1769111773"},{"product_id":"pump-black","title":"Pump Black","description":"\u003cp\u003eBuilt for athletes who refuse to compromise intensity—even without stimulants—PUMP BLACK is a fully loaded, precision-engineered pre-workout designed to drive extreme blood flow, relentless endurance, cellular hydration, and razor-sharp focus from the first rep to the final set. Anchored by dual-pathway nitric oxide support, clinically relevant performance dosing, and synergistic ingredients that enhance perfusion, buffering capacity, and mental drive, this formula is constructed to elevate total training output while maintaining a clean, controlled experience. The result is deeper, longer-lasting pumps, sustained work capacity, and a locked-in mind-muscle connection—delivering the dark, uncompromising performance edge worthy of the name PUMP BLACK.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSodium (as sodium citrate) - 200 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSodium, one of the most essential electrolytes for our body to utilize, is vital for not just overall daily bodily function but also adequate and high physical performance. Sodium helps to keep the water (mainly amount of fluid outside of the body’s cells) and electrolyte balance of the body, while also aiding in the contraction and relaxation of muscles as well as conducting nerve impulses. While only 500mg of sodium is needed per day for these functions to occur, we as active individuals need far more sodium to maintain these functions. We mostly lose sodium through sweat and urine, so the more active we are\/the more we sweat and the more we urinate, the more sodium is lost. Acquiring enough sodium through food and drink is crucial to establishing equilibrium again to maintain proper functioning and electrolyte balance within the body.  Citrate salts (like sodium citrate) also function as an extracellular buffering agent: citrate is metabolized to bicarbonate, increasing blood alkalinity and potentially improving high-intensity performance when acidosis is limiting. Research in endurance and high-intensity settings shows sodium citrate can induce alkalosis and, in some protocols, improve performance, though effects are variable and higher “ergogenic” doses used in studies are much larger than typical electrolyte-only inclusions and can raise GI-tolerance considerations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePotassium (as potassium citrate) - 300 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePotassium citrate is a highly effective electrolyte for supporting exercise performance by helping maintain proper muscle contraction, nerve signaling, and cellular hydration. The potassium component replenishes what’s lost through sweat and intense training, promoting consistent strength, endurance, and reduced cramping risk, while the citrate portion contributes to acid–base balance by supporting the body’s natural buffering of exercise-induced acidity. Together, these effects help delay fatigue, improve fluid balance, and create a more stable internal environment for sustained training output and recovery, making potassium citrate a smart foundational ingredient in performance and hydration formulas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL-Citrulline (fermented) — 10,000 mg (with 9,270 mg straight L-citrulline + nitrate-bound yield)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL-citrulline is a non-essential amino acid that increases arginine bioavailability (citrulline → arginine) and can support nitric oxide (NO) production via the NOS-dependent pathway, contributing to vasodilation and potentially improved blood flow during exercise. Reviews of citrulline\/citrulline-malate discuss this NO-related rationale and the practical performance claims (pump, fatigue resistance), while also noting that results depend heavily on dose, timing, training status, and the specific outcome measured. While the clinical dose of L-Citrulline falls somewhere around the 3g mark, effective benefits have also been seen as high as 12g.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFrom an evidence standpoint, meta-analyses and systematic reviews show mixed performance outcomes: some protocols show modest benefits (often in muscular endurance\/repetition performance), while others show null findings for strength or aerobic metrics. Practically, citrulline tends to be more consistent for “hemodynamics\/pump” outcomes than for guaranteed PR-level performance changes—especially in already well-trained lifters.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCitrulline nitrate (as NO3-T®) - 1,000 mg (yielding ~730 mg citrulline)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCitrulline nitrate enhances exercise performance through two complementary nitric-oxide–producing pathways that improve blood flow, oxygen delivery, and muscular endurance. L-citrulline is converted in the kidneys to arginine, which then fuels endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) to raise nitric oxide levels, supporting vasodilation, nutrient delivery, and reduced accumulation of fatigue-related metabolites like ammonia. At the same time, the nitrate portion follows the nitrate → nitrite → nitric oxide pathway, which becomes especially active under low-oxygen and acidic conditions typical of intense training, helping sustain blood flow and improve exercise efficiency and time to exhaustion. This dual-pathway mechanism not only amplifies muscle pumps and vascularity but also supports mitochondrial efficiency, reduced oxygen cost of exercise, and improved high-intensity performance, making citrulline nitrate a scientifically robust ingredient for strength, endurance, and recovery support.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBeta-alanine — 3,200 mg (with 2,600 mg straight + nitrate-bound yield)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeta-alanine’s primary performance mechanism is increasing intramuscular carnosine, a dipeptide that buffers hydrogen ions (H⁺) during high-intensity work. This buffering can delay fatigue in efforts where acidosis meaningfully contributes—classically repeated high-intensity bouts and sustained hard efforts in the ~1–4 minute range (with some crossover into hard sets and density work). The ISSN position stand and large meta-analyses support beta-alanine’s role in improving exercise capacity\/performance in these domains, though not necessarily in very short efforts where acidosis is less limiting.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeta-alanine commonly causes paresthesia (tingling) at larger single doses; splitting doses or using sustained-release formats improves tolerability. The key practical point: beta-alanine is a loading ingredient—benefits accrue over weeks as carnosine rises, not “instant.”\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBeta-alanine nitrate (as NO3-T®) — 1,000 mg (yielding ~600 mg beta-alanine)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeta-alanine nitrate combines beta-alanine’s role in raising intramuscular carnosine with the nitric-oxide–supporting effects of dietary nitrate, creating a dual mechanism that supports both muscular endurance and blood flow during high-intensity exercise. Beta-alanine increases carnosine concentrations inside muscle cells, which helps buffer hydrogen ions produced during intense training and delays the drop in pH that contributes to fatigue, allowing athletes to sustain effort for more repetitions and greater total workload. The nitrate portion simultaneously follows the nitrate → nitrite → nitric oxide pathway, promoting vasodilation, improved oxygen and nutrient delivery, and enhanced exercise efficiency—particularly under hypoxic, high-stress conditions. Together, these complementary mechanisms support longer time to exhaustion, stronger performance output, improved pumps, and more productive training sessions, making beta-alanine nitrate a scientifically synergistic ingredient for strength and endurance-focused performance formulas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBetaine — 2,500 mg (with 1,850 mg anhydrous + nitrate-bound yield)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetaine (trimethylglycine) acts as an osmolyte (cell hydration) and as a methyl donor (one-carbon metabolism; homocysteine remethylation), which can influence cellular stress tolerance and potentially training adaptations. In sports performance research, betaine has been studied most often around ~2.5 g\/day. Recent systematic review\/meta-analysis work suggests betaine may provide small improvements in certain performance outcomes, though results vary by test type, training status, and study design.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetaine tends to be positioned as a useful ergogenic aid for power-output support, training volume tolerance, and body-composition adjacent outcomes in some athletes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBetaine nitrate (as NO3-T®) - 1,000 mg (yielding ~650 mg betaine)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBetaine nitrate delivers a dual-performance mechanism by combining betaine’s well-studied effects on cellular hydration, methylation, and power output with nitrate’s ability to enhance nitric-oxide–mediated blood flow and exercise efficiency. Betaine functions as an osmolyte that helps maintain cell volume and fluid balance during intense training, which is linked to improved strength, muscular endurance, and favorable body-composition outcomes in clinical research, while also supporting methylation pathways involved in creatine synthesis and overall metabolic performance. The nitrate component follows the nitrate → nitrite → nitric oxide pathway, particularly active in low-oxygen, high-acidity conditions, promoting vasodilation, oxygen delivery, and reduced oxygen cost of exercise. Together, these mechanisms can support greater training volume, improved power production, enhanced muscle pumps, and delayed fatigue, making betaine nitrate a scientifically synergistic ingredient for comprehensive strength and performance formulas.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL-Tyrosine - 2,000 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eL-tyrosine is a precursor to catecholamines (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine) and thyroid hormones. Supplementation is best supported in situations where stressors (cold, sleep deprivation, multitasking, demanding cognitive work) may transiently tax catecholamine signaling; in those cases, tyrosine has been reported to help maintain aspects of cognitive performance rather than necessarily boost cognition in an unstressed baseline state. Reviews in humans conclude benefits are most plausible under acute stress and high cognitive demand.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTaurine - 1,000 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTaurine is a conditionally essential amino sulfonic acid involved in cell volume regulation, calcium handling, membrane stabilization, and antioxidant\/anti-inflammatory signaling. In exercise research, taurine has been studied for acute performance (endurance and some high-intensity contexts) and for recovery-related endpoints (markers of muscle damage\/soreness). Meta-analyses suggest taurine can improve certain performance outcomes in some protocols, but results vary by dose, timing, and modality.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMechanistically, taurine’s proposed benefits include improved excitation–contraction coupling and reduced oxidative stress during demanding efforts; practically, athletes often report smoother muscular output, better hydration, and more stable endurance when it is included in a fully non-stimulant performance formula. The evidence base is active and evolving, and the most consistent effects tend to appear when taurine is dosed appropriately relative to the exercise bout and population studied.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePine bark extract (Pinus pinaster, ~95% proanthocyanidins) - 250 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMaritime pine bark extracts are rich in proanthocyanidins and related polyphenols with antioxidant and vascular-function relevance. Human trials and systematic reviews in cardiometabolic contexts evaluate outcomes like blood pressure, endothelial function, and oxidative stress markers; recent meta-analytic work suggests potential improvements in certain cardiometabolic risk factors, though findings across conditions are not uniformly consistent and study quality varies.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a pump and performance formula, the defensible rationale is support for endothelial function and NO signaling environment (plus oxidative-stress modulation), which may complement direct NO precursors (citrulline\/nitrate).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCognizin® (citicoline \/ CDP-choline) - 250 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCiticoline (CDP-choline) is a choline donor and a precursor for phosphatidylcholine synthesis, supporting neuronal membrane turnover and cholinergic neurotransmission. Human RCT data in healthy adults and older adults suggests supplementation can improve aspects of memory and attention over weeks, aligning with its role in supporting brain bioenergetics and membrane phospholipid metabolism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCognizin® is a branded form of citicoline used in supplement trials focused on attention and cognitive performance; branded pages summarize clinical study outcomes, while independent sources also review citicoline’s cognitive evidence and safety. In practice, citicoline is often experienced as \u003ci\u003e“clean focus”\u003c\/i\u003e (less jitter, more mental clarity), making it a logical nootropic pairing with stimulants and\/or other performance ingredients.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePeptiPump® — 200 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePeptiPump® is a patented bioactive lentil (Lens culinaris) peptide hydrolysate standardized to provide small signaling peptides that influence vascular function and exercise-related blood flow. Unlike nitric-oxide precursors that work upstream through arginine or nitrate metabolism, lentil-derived bioactive peptides are proposed to act more directly at the endothelial and smooth-muscle level, supporting vasodilation, microcirculatory perfusion, and contractile efficiency. Research on pulse-derived protein hydrolysates demonstrates potential effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) modulation, endothelial nitric-oxide signaling, and vascular tone regulation, mechanisms that collectively support improved muscle oxygenation and nutrient delivery during exercise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWithin a performance formula like PUMP BLACK, PeptiPump® should be interpreted as a hemodynamic (movement and pressure of blood through the CV system) and perfusion-support (delivery of blood, oxygen, and nutrients to tissues) ingredient rather than a primary ergogenic stimulant or buffer. Its role is to complement upstream nitric-oxide pathways (citrulline and nitrate) by improving the vascular responsiveness and tissue-level blood distribution once nitric oxide is produced. Early human and preclinical data on lentil-derived peptides suggest benefits for blood pressure regulation, endothelial health, and circulation, which provide the mechanistic rationale for enhanced exercise “pump,” muscular endurance support, and recovery signaling. However, as with many novel peptide ingredients, large independent exercise-performance trials remain limited, so the strongest scientific position is that PeptiPump® contributes complementary vascular bioactivity within a multi-pathway pump system rather than acting as a standalone performance driver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAstraGin® - 50 mg\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAstraGin® is a standardized blend of Panax notoginseng and Astragalus membranaceus extracts developed to enhance intestinal absorption of amino acids, vitamins, and other nutrients. Mechanistic research in cell and animal models shows AstraGin® can upregulate expression of key intestinal transporters (including amino-acid transport proteins and glucose transporters) and influence tight-junction integrity, suggesting improved trans-epithelial nutrient movement and gut barrier support. These transporter-modulating effects form the biological basis for its positioning as a bioavailability enhancer in sports-nutrition formulations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHuman data on AstraGin® specifically are still emerging, but studies on its constituent botanicals—particularly astragalus polysaccharides and ginsenosides—demonstrate immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and gut-supportive properties that may indirectly support training recovery and nutrient utilization. In applied formulation strategy, AstraGin® is not intended to provide an acute perceptible effect; instead, it functions as a systems-level absorption amplifier, theoretically improving the efficiency of amino acids (like citrulline and taurine), osmolytes (betaine), and nootropics (tyrosine, citicoline) delivered in the same serving. Due to the fact that large-scale human pharmacokinetic trials remain limited, AstraGin® is best interpreted as a supportive bioavailability technology with strong mechanistic plausibility and growing—but not yet definitive—clinical validation.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Pink Venom (Pink Lemonade)","offer_id":44978439028912,"sku":"SHOP850080302255","price":49.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Red Alert (Tropical Punch)","offer_id":44978439061680,"sku":"SHOP850080302279","price":49.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Texas Peach (Peach Candy)","offer_id":44978439094448,"sku":"SHOP850080302651","price":49.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Tsunami (Strawberry Watermelon)","offer_id":44978439127216,"sku":"SHOP850080302262","price":49.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/PUMP_TSU_FRONT.png?v=1771868161"},{"product_id":"magnesium-bisglycinate","title":"Magnesium Bisglycinate","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMagnesium\u003c\/b\u003e is an essential mineral required for hundreds of biochemical reactions that govern energy production, neuromuscular function, cardiovascular health, and metabolic balance. Yet inadequate magnesium intake remains common due to modern dietary patterns, environmental factors, and increased physiological demands from stress and physical activity. \u003cb\u003eMagnesium bisglycinate\u003c\/b\u003e—a chelated form of magnesium bound to the amino acid glycine—is widely recognized for its superior absorption, excellent gastrointestinal tolerance, and calming neuromuscular effects. This highly bioavailable form is designed to efficiently restore magnesium status while supporting relaxation, recovery, sleep quality, and overall systemic wellness.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFULL SCIENCE\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMagnesium\u003c\/b\u003e is an essential mineral involved in over 300 enzymatic reactions in the body, supporting energy production, neuromuscular coordination, cardiovascular function, and metabolic health. Despite its importance, inadequate intake is common due to modern diets, stress, and high physical demands.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMagnesium bisglycinate\u003c\/b\u003e is a chelated form in which magnesium is bound to the amino acid \u003ci\u003eglycine\u003c\/i\u003e. This structure enhances absorption and improves gastrointestinal tolerance by utilizing amino acid transport pathways rather than relying solely on passive mineral absorption. As a result, it delivers consistent systemic magnesium levels with minimal laxative effects compared to poorly absorbed forms like magnesium oxide, making it ideal for daily or higher-dose supplementation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAt the cellular level, \u003cb\u003emagnesium\u003c\/b\u003e is required for biologically active ATP, directly supporting energy metabolism, muscular performance, and recovery. It also plays a role in insulin signaling and glucose regulation, contributing to metabolic stability. In muscle tissue, magnesium acts as a natural calcium antagonist, promoting proper contraction and relaxation and helping reduce cramps and tension.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMagnesium\u003c\/b\u003e is equally important for nervous system balance, regulating NMDA receptors and supporting GABA activity to maintain healthy excitation–relaxation dynamics. The \u003ci\u003eglycine\u003c\/i\u003e component further supports calmness and sleep quality. Additionally, magnesium contributes to cardiovascular health by promoting vascular relaxation and healthy blood pressure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, \u003cb\u003emagnesium bisglycinate\u003c\/b\u003e is a highly bioavailable, well-tolerated form that supports performance, recovery, metabolic function, sleep, and long-term wellness.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eREFERENCES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eNielsen FH. \u003ci\u003eMagnesium deficiency and increased inflammation: current perspectives.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of Inflammation Research. 2018;11:25–34.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eVolpe SL. \u003ci\u003eMagnesium in disease prevention and overall health.\u003c\/i\u003e Advances in Nutrition. 2013;4(3):378S–383S.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eRosanoff A, Weaver CM, Rude RK. \u003ci\u003eSuboptimal magnesium status in the United States: are the health consequences underestimated?\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrition Reviews. 2012;70(3):153–164.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCuciureanu MD, Vink R. \u003ci\u003eMagnesium and stress.\u003c\/i\u003e Magnesium Research. 2011;24(3):S37–S44.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eBoyle NB, Lawton C, Dye L. \u003ci\u003eThe effects of magnesium supplementation on subjective anxiety and stress—A systematic review.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrients. 2017;9(5):429.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eUwitonze AM, Razzaque MS. \u003ci\u003eRole of magnesium in vitamin D activation and function.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of the American Osteopathic Association. 2018;118(3):181–189.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eSchwalfenberg GK, Genuis SJ. \u003ci\u003eThe importance of magnesium in clinical healthcare.\u003c\/i\u003e Scientifica. 2017;2017:4179326.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eDiNicolantonio JJ, O’Keefe JH, Wilson W. \u003ci\u003eSubclinical magnesium deficiency: a principal driver of cardiovascular disease and a public health crisis.\u003c\/i\u003e Open Heart. 2018;5(1):e000668.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eZhang X, Li Y, Del Gobbo LC, et al. \u003ci\u003eEffects of magnesium supplementation on blood pressure: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.\u003c\/i\u003e Hypertension. 2016;68(2):324–333.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eBarbagallo M, Dominguez LJ. \u003ci\u003eMagnesium and type 2 diabetes.\u003c\/i\u003e World Journal of Diabetes. 2015;6(10):1152–1157.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003ede Baaij JHF, Hoenderop JGJ, Bindels RJM. \u003ci\u003eMagnesium in man: implications for health and disease.\u003c\/i\u003e Physiological Reviews. 2015;95(1):1–46.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eWalker AF, Marakis G, Christie S, Byng M. \u003ci\u003eMg citrate found more bioavailable than other Mg preparations in a randomised, double-blind study.\u003c\/i\u003e Magnesium Research. 2003;16(3):183–191.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eRanade VV, Somberg JC. \u003ci\u003eBioavailability and pharmacokinetics of magnesium after administration of magnesium salts to humans.\u003c\/i\u003e American Journal of Therapeutics. 2001;8(5):345–357.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAbbasi B, Kimiagar M, Sadeghniiat-Haghighi K, et al. \u003ci\u003eThe effect of magnesium supplementation on primary insomnia in elderly subjects.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of Research in Medical Sciences. 2012;17(12):1161–1169.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eWienecke E, Nolden C. \u003ci\u003eGlycine and sleep quality—mechanistic considerations and clinical implications.\u003c\/i\u003e Sleep and Biological Rhythms. 2016;14(1):3–9.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45008591945904,"sku":"SHOP850080302668","price":24.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/MAG_BIS_FRONT.png?v=1775484893"},{"product_id":"vitamin-d3-k2","title":"Vitamin D3+K2","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e are fat-soluble nutrients that work together to regulate calcium metabolism and support overall skeletal and cardiovascular health. While \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e enhances calcium absorption and stimulates the production of calcium-dependent proteins, \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e activates those proteins to ensure calcium is properly utilized in bone and not deposite\u003cimg\u003ed in soft tissues. When combined, these vitamins form a coordinated system that promotes optimal calcium balance, structural integrity, and long-term health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFULL SCIENCE\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e are fat-soluble nutrients that work synergistically to regulate calcium metabolism, support skeletal integrity, and promote cardiovascular health. \u003cb\u003eVitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e, particularly in its D3 form (\u003ci\u003echolecalciferol\u003c\/i\u003e), is converted in the body to its active hormonal form, \u003ci\u003ecalcitriol\u003c\/i\u003e, which increases intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus and stimulates the production of calcium-binding proteins such as \u003ci\u003eosteocalcin\u003c\/i\u003e. This process raises circulating calcium levels and enhances the body’s capacity to mineralize bone. However, while \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e increases calcium availability and upregulates the production of key calcium-dependent proteins, it does not determine where that calcium is ultimately deposited. That essential targeting function depends largely on \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e, in the form of \u003ci\u003emenaquinones\u003c\/i\u003e such as \u003ci\u003eMK-4\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eMK-7\u003c\/i\u003e, acts as a cofactor for the enzyme \u003ci\u003egamma-glutamyl carboxylase\u003c\/i\u003e, which activates vitamin K–dependent proteins through a process called \u003ci\u003ecarboxylation\u003c\/i\u003e. Among the most important of these proteins are \u003ci\u003eosteocalcin\u003c\/i\u003e, which binds calcium into the bone matrix, and \u003ci\u003ematrix Gla protein (MGP)\u003c\/i\u003e, which inhibits inappropriate calcium deposition in blood vessels and soft tissues. Without adequate \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e, these proteins remain undercarboxylated and functionally inactive, reducing their ability to properly regulate calcium distribution. In this context, \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e can increase the production of \u003ci\u003eosteocalcin\u003c\/i\u003e and \u003ci\u003eMGP\u003c\/i\u003e, but \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e is required to activate them so they can perform their physiological roles.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTogether, \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e form a coordinated system of calcium management: \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e enhances calcium absorption and stimulates the synthesis of calcium-regulating proteins, while \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e activates those proteins to ensure calcium is directed into bones and away from arteries and soft tissues. This synergy supports bone mineral density by improving both calcium supply and incorporation into skeletal structure. At the same time, activation of \u003ci\u003eMGP\u003c\/i\u003e by \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e contributes to vascular health by helping prevent arterial calcification, a process associated with cardiovascular risk. Beyond bone and vascular effects, the combination may also influence muscle function and overall metabolic health, as \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e supports neuromuscular performance and immune regulation, while \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e contributes to cellular signaling and tissue integrity. For these reasons, co-supplementation of \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e and \u003cb\u003evitamin K2\u003c\/b\u003e is often considered a more physiologically comprehensive strategy than \u003cb\u003evitamin D\u003c\/b\u003e alone, particularly in individuals seeking to optimize bone strength, calcium utilization, and long-term cardiovascular support.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003esplit\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eREFERENCES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHolick MF. \u003ci\u003eVitamin D deficiency.\u003c\/i\u003e New England Journal of Medicine. 2007;357(3):266–281.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHeaney RP. \u003ci\u003eVitamin D in health and disease.\u003c\/i\u003e Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology. 2008;3(5):1535–1541.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBouillon R, et al. \u003ci\u003eVitamin D and human health: lessons from vitamin D receptor null mice.\u003c\/i\u003e Endocrine Reviews. 2008;29(6):726–776.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSchurgers LJ, Vermeer C. \u003ci\u003eDifferential lipoprotein transport pathways of K-vitamins in healthy subjects.\u003c\/i\u003e Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. 2000;1486(2–3):200–210.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGast GCM, et al. \u003ci\u003eA high menaquinone intake reduces the incidence of coronary heart disease.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrition, Metabolism \u0026amp; Cardiovascular Diseases. 2009;19(7):504–510.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVermeer C. \u003ci\u003eVitamin K2: the missing nutrient in bone and vascular health.\u003c\/i\u003e Netherlands Journal of Medicine. 2001;58(10):411–414.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eVermeer C, et al. \u003ci\u003eVitamin K–dependent proteins in bone and cardiovascular health.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrients. 2018;10(10):1525.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKnapen MHJ, et al. \u003ci\u003eMenaquinone-7 supplementation improves arterial stiffness in healthy postmenopausal women.\u003c\/i\u003e Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 2015;113(5):1135–1144.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGundberg CM, et al. \u003ci\u003eVitamin K status and cardiovascular health: implications for bone and vascular calcium regulation.\u003c\/i\u003e Current Osteoporosis Reports. 2012;10(2):142–150.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSaito Y, et al. \u003ci\u003eCombined vitamin K2 and vitamin D3 enhance calcium utilization in bone.\u003c\/i\u003e Clinical Calcium. 2010;20(2):219–225.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKnapen MHJ, et al. \u003ci\u003eVitamin K2 supplementation improves hip bone geometry and bone strength indices.\u003c\/i\u003e Osteoporosis International. 2013;24(9):2499–2507.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCheung AM, et al. \u003ci\u003eVitamin K supplementation and bone loss in older men and women.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 2008;23(4):652–658.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBeulens JWJ, et al. \u003ci\u003eHigh dietary menaquinone intake is associated with reduced coronary calcification.\u003c\/i\u003e Atherosclerosis. 2008;200(2):489–496.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTheuwissen E, et al. \u003ci\u003eLow vitamin K status is associated with increased coronary calcification and mortality.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrition, Metabolism \u0026amp; Cardiovascular Diseases. 2012;22(7):589–595.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCannell JJ, et al. \u003ci\u003eVitamin D and the prevention of chronic diseases.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. 2008;103(3–5):373–378.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWang TT, et al. \u003ci\u003eVitamin D receptor signaling is critical for muscle function.\u003c\/i\u003e Nature Medicine. 2010;16(10):1260–1265.\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45008629104816,"sku":"SHOP850080302057","price":19.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/D3_K2_FRONT.png?v=1775484889"},{"product_id":"bionmn","title":"NMN","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBioNMN®\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eINTRO\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAt the core of cellular energy, recovery, and longevity lies one critical molecule: \u003cb\u003eNAD+\u003c\/b\u003e. BioNMN® (Beta-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide) is a direct precursor to NAD+, the essential coenzyme required for ATP production—the fuel that powers nearly every biological process in the body. As NAD+ levels naturally decline with age, cellular efficiency, metabolic resilience, cognitive performance, and mitochondrial function can begin to deteriorate.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBy supplying a highly bioavailable source of NMN, BioNMN® helps replenish NAD+ levels at the cellular level, supporting sustained energy production, mitochondrial integrity, and whole-body vitality. Designed for optimal absorption, this advanced form of NMN provides a foundational approach to performance, metabolic health, and healthy aging from the inside out.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFULL SCIENCE\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBioNMN® (Beta-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) is a ribo-nucleotide, which is a simple structural unit of RNA. NMN is the direct precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) and is considered a vital component to cellular increases in NAD+ levels. NAD+ is an essential coenzyme required to produce ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the fuel used by almost all cells in the body. As we age, NAD+ levels naturally decline, which can lead to less-than-optimal functioning and contribute to conditions such as obesity, insulin resistance, and impaired cognitive function.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWhile humans cannot absorb NAD directly, using NAD+ precursors like NMN can help maintain NAD+ levels. BioNMN® emphasizes enhanced bioavailability so the full benefits of this ingredient can be achieved.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNMN supplementation offers a wide range of benefits that influence nearly all body systems, including brain and cardiovascular support, reduced age-related inflammation, neuroprotection, hormonal balance, improved mitochondrial function, enhanced muscle endurance and strength, and overall longevity. These benefits rely on NAD+ as a key coenzyme that drives these biological processes.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn terms of muscle performance, skeletal muscles require significant amounts of energy molecules to maintain strength and function. NAD+ is required to metabolize these molecules, meaning muscles benefit from a steady supply of NMN as a building block.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eMitochondria, known as the powerhouse of the cell, are essential for converting nutrients into usable energy. NAD+ plays a central role in this metabolic process. Without sufficient NAD+, mitochondria cannot function properly, leading to reduced energy production and potential cellular damage. Research suggests that NMN supplementation supports NAD+ production, helping protect mitochondria and maintain proper metabolic function.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNMN also plays a role in longevity. As many bodily functions decline with age, maintaining NAD+ levels may help slow aspects of the aging process. Supporting NAD+ levels may help sustain optimal function across body systems over time, while low levels are linked to increased risk of dysfunction and disease.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eREFERENCES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eNomiyama T, Setoyama D, Yasukawa T, Kang D. Mitochondria Metabolomics Reveals a Role of β-Nicotinamide Mononucleotide Metabolism in Mitochondrial DNA Replication. J Biochem. 2021.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eKlimova N., Long A., Kristian T. (2019). Nicotinamide mononucleotide alters mitochondrial dynamics by SIRT3-dependent mechanism in male mice.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eShade C. (2020). The Science Behind NMN—A Stable, Reliable NAD+ Activator and Anti-Aging Molecule.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eYoshino J., Baur J.A., Imai S. (2018). NAD+ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eImai S., Guarente L. (2014). NAD+ and sirtuins in aging and disease.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eCanto C., Menzies K.J., Auwerx J. (2015). NAD+ Metabolism and the Control of Energy Homeostasis.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMills K.F., et al. (2016). Long-Term Administration of NMN Mitigates Age-Associated Physiological Decline in Mice.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eGomes A.P., et al. (2013). Declining NAD+ Disrupts Cellular Communication during Aging.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eYoshino J., et al. (2021). NMN increases muscle insulin sensitivity in prediabetic women.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eVerdin E. (2015). NAD+ in aging, metabolism, and neurodegeneration.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eRajman L., Chwalek K., Sinclair D.A. (2018). Therapeutic Potential of NAD-Boosting Molecules.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eLiao B., et al. (2021). NMN supplementation enhances aerobic capacity in amateur runners.\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eSource: :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45034516021424,"sku":"SHOP850080302644","price":24.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/NMN_FRONT.png?v=1775484886"},{"product_id":"fury-black","title":"Fury Black","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFURY BLACK\u003c\/strong\u003e is the next evolution of our flagship pre—built from years of real performance, athlete feedback, and relentless upgrades.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDesigned for lifters who demand more than energy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExtreme pumps. Endurance. Locked-in focus. Electrolyte balance. Sustained output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNo trends. No underdosing.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch-backed ingredients at performance levels, driving nitric oxide, hydration, and neural output.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOne system.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAll-out pure strength, power, precision.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL-Citrulline\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCitrulline is a non-essential, non-protein amino acid that forms during the urea cycle and forms ornithine when combined with carbon dioxide. Citrulline is also a critical source of endogenous (natural) arginine, as it is rapidly and efficiently converted to arginine in the vascular endothelium and other tissues.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCitrulline’s benefits have been shown to be greater than its parent compound. While arginine undergoes direct hepatic (liver) metabolism through the enzyme arginase, citrulline bypasses hepatic metabolism entirely and it is delivered straight to the bloodstream. The result is that gut absorption and plasma (blood) bioavailability studies comparing citrulline and arginine have shown two things. First, citrulline is less readily destroyed and has greater absorption than arginine. Second, citrulline supplementation increases arginine levels more effectively than arginine supplementation itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThis translates to promising results. For example, animal studies show a significant increase in anaerobic performance at a 250mg\/kg\/day serving of citrulline, while studies in humans implicate citrulline in both aerobic and anaerobic performance increases. As a critical part of the urea cycle, citrulline’s performance benefits are thought to be a result of its role in ammonia clearance. Citrulline is implicated in reducing the oxygen cost of muscle processes, along with increasing the rate of post-exercise ATP and phosphocreatine replenishment. As ATP and phosphocreatine are the body’s ‘exercise fuel,’ this may result in citrulline delaying time to exhaustion in aerobic and anaerobic exercise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBetaine Anhydrous\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eBetaine, also known as trimethyl glycine, is a naturally occurring compound found in various living organisms. It serves as a protective agent in non-mammalian animals during osmotic stress and functions as an osmolyte in mammalian tissues, including those of humans. In mammalian cells, betaine is produced through the oxidation of choline and can be acquired from dietary sources such as spinach and beets. Although research on betaine is relatively limited and recent, available literature suggests its potential effects in several areas. Studies investigating betaine supplementation at doses ranging from 1.25g\/day to 5g\/day for up to 14 days have demonstrated promising results. For instance, one study found that a daily serving of 2.5g enhanced endurance and total repetition volume during exercises like the squat, bench press, and jump squat in healthy, exercise-trained adults. Another study reported increased peak power, maximum peak power, force, and the maintenance of force and power in similar subjects with the same dosage of betaine. Moreover, research exploring betaine's impact on the endocrine system has shown potential effects on various endocrine processes. These findings have led researchers to hypothesize that longer-term betaine supplementation may enhance the hypertrophic response to resistance training, indicating its potential as a performance-enhancing supplement in the realm of exercise physiology.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBeta Alanine\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCarnosine is a bit of an odd duck: we know that it is crucial for muscle function, and that dietary sources of carnosine are essential, but we don’t know precisely how it’s working. Moreover, for decades, we had no idea how to increase intramuscular concentrations, as exogenous carnosine sources degraded in the body so fast as to be effectively useless.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eEnter beta-alanine. Simply a different iteration of one of the amino acids that comprises carnosine itself (alanine), beta-alanine has proven to be the most effective means of significantly increasing intramuscular concentrations of carnosine – and therefore of promoting all of carnosine’s various beneficial effects on muscle performance. If that weren’t enough, beta-alanine has also demonstrated beneficial physiological effects independent of its parent compound. To understand why, though, we need to first understand some of the basics behind carnosine itself.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCarnosine, a cytoplasmic dipeptide synthesized from the precursors L-histidine and l-alanine, is present in high concentrations in skeletal muscle and plays a pivotal role as a, “chemical buffer” in myocytes (muscle cells). It has long been known that carnosine concentrations are highest in glycolytic, rather than oxidative muscle fibers (roughly speaking, explosive vs., endurance muscle fibers, respectively), and thus long hypothesized that this amino acid is required for sustained performance during supramaximal exercise. Recent research demonstrates that carnosine exerts its physiological effects in long hypoxic (low oxygen) drives by functioning as a high-capacity pH buffer in skeletal muscle, preventing the pH ratio of plasma from dropping too low – and therefore preventing crucial pH-dependent processes such as protein synthesis from being inhibited by acidosis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eDespite its critical role in skeletal muscle anaerobic performance, intramyocellular synthesis of carnosine is rate-limited by the availability of l-alanine. Unfortunately, the majority of literature demonstrates that attempting to increase intramuscular levels of carnosine via either direct carnosine or alanine supplementation is largely ineffective due to carnosine\/alanine pharmacokinetics. Enter beta-alanine. Research with beta-alanine demonstrates consistent and dose-dependent increases to intramuscular carnosine concentrations with beta-alanine supplementation, with certain studies showing an increase of 40-60% with chronic administration. These same literatures reveal a synergistic effect of exercise on beta-alanine supplementation, whereby the muscle adaptive changes associated with resistance training promote further intramuscular carnosine production in response to beta-alanine supplementation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn simpler language, this essentially means that beta-alanine is a dietary supplement that promotes its own effects in combination with exercise. As you exercise, you simultaneously intensify beta-alanine’s physiological actions – both directly, as well as in the production of intramuscular carnosine. Once ingested, beta-alanine’s exercise-specific beneficial activity is well-established. Elevation of intramuscular carnosine content via beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to improve performance in the following ways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoth acute and chronic increases in total work capacity, measured by total volume during exercise sessions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eHighly significant increases to TTE (total time to exhaustion), one of the most accurate and comprehensive measures of endurance. In various trials, beta-alanine supplementation has been shown to increase TTE by upwards of 20%.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreases to total muscle power output in both acute and chronic trials, suggesting that beta-alanine’s most significant benefit is to those engaging in power-dependent resistance training.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn total, a significant body of research exists to suggest that beta-alanine may significantly increase muscle power output, strength, training volume and output, overall performance in hypoxic (oxygen-deprived) conditions and peak VO2 max (oxygen holding capacity).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThese myriad benefits make beta-alanine both one of the most-studied, and most well-rounded dietary supplements. Beta-alanine not only has direct, actionable physiological effects, but also promotes critical muscle physiologic adaptations that promote its own effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eL-Tyrosine\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eTyrosine is amongst a class of amino acids known as ‘non-essential’ amino acids, so called because the body can produce them endogenously, and it is therefore not essential to consume dietary tyrosine. That said, tyrosine is also what is known as a conditionally-essential amino acid; conditionally-essential because, along with glucose and ammonia, the synthesis of tyrosine additionally requires adequate levels of phenylalanine. Once synthesized, tyrosine is one of the most critical amino acids, given its prominent role as a substrate in the synthesis of the catecholamines dopamine, norepinephrine, and epinephrine, in addition to both T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine) thyroid hormones.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn studies on stress modulation, tyrosine has been demonstrated to reverse stress-induced norepinephrine depletion and the depressant-behavioral effects normally associated with it. In simpler terms, tyrosine may, in certain conditions, dampen the extent to which norepinephrine is removed from the bloodstream during a stress event. In simpler terms still, tyrosine may help to mitigate the sense of depletion and fatigue felt at the end of a workout.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eTyrosine may also play important metabolic functions, mostly related to its role in synthesizing compounds which stimulate the nervous system. While not traditionally considered a sympathomimetic amine, studies which have coadministered tyrosine and stimulants demonstrate a synergistic effect. These studies suggest that tyrosine may potentiate the effects of both endogenous and supplemental norepinephrine and its mimetics (in the case of exogenous use) with respect to lipolysis, thermogenesis, and energy expenditure. This means that tyrosine may play a role in assisting norepinephrine to break up triglycerides and increase body heat transiently.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eTaurine\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThough traditionally referred to as an amino acid due to its chemical structure, taurine is not an amino acid in the sense that leucine, alanine, or glutamine are. Its chemical status aside, taurine is considered one of the body’s most essential chemical compounds, as cardiovascular function, muscle development and function, along with optical and nervous systems in the body depend on its abundance. While data on taurine typically occurs with taurine in supplement combinations (with caffeine and other amino acids), these data nevertheless suggest that dietary supplementation with taurine may have beneficial effects on mental focus and alertness and may assist during times of increased physical exertion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCaffeine Anhydrous\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCaffeine is one of the most widely consumed, and perhaps one of the most reviewed, psychoactive compounds. Its physiological effects in a range of areas have been well-documented, including exercise performance, information processing, alertness and mood enhancement, attention, and awareness, along with its anti-lipogenic and lipolytic abilities.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eMost importantly to FURY BLACK, caffeine has been shown to have significant effects on exercise performance, even with ingestion in servings as small 3 to 9mg\/kg\/bw\/day (the equivalent of 2 cups of standard coffee, for a 170lb male). In endurance training, possible explanations for caffeine’s performance-enhancing effects lie in its metabolic effects on both lean and fat tissue. It is suggested that caffeine’s potent lipolytic (the breakdown of fat tissue into fatty acids) and oxidative (the actual ‘burning’ of fat) action allow the body to utilize these sources during prolonged submaximal exercise. Consequently, muscle glycogen is spared and available for use later in the training session. Practically speaking, this means caffeine is forcing your body to preferentially use fat tissue as a fuel source, while sparing the glycogen which gives you the full-bodied look!\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIn short-term exercise, caffeine’s demonstrated role in the inhibition of cyclic AMP- phosphodiesterase’s (PDE), adenosine receptor antagonism, and adrenoreceptor agonism come into play. These three pathways stimulate lipolytic activity, boost fat metabolism, increase metabolic rate and energy expenditure, and regulate the body’s thermogenic activity. The practical results of activating these pathways are increases to the contractile force of both cardiac and skeletal muscle (harder flexion), an increase in energy expenditure (freeing up more caloric energy to be used in contraction), dilation of vasculature (better blood flow), and improvements to both nitrogen retention and skeletal muscle protein synthesis (key components to muscle building).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eVasoDrive-AP® (Isoleucyl-prolyl-proline (IPP) and Valyl-prolyl-proline (VPP) (from hydrolyzed milk casein)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eVasodrive-AP® is a patented dietary supplement ingredient composed of a precise blend of naturally derived peptides, primarily derived from casein hydrolysate. This ingredient has garnered attention for its potential benefits in enhancing exercise performance through its vasodilatory properties. Vasodrive-AP® works by promoting the release of nitric oxide (NO), a key signaling molecule involved in vasodilation, which leads to the relaxation of blood vessels and increased blood flow to exercising muscles. It does this through several mechanisms of action. First, the increase in the production of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) improve arterial flexibility leading to enhanced blood flow. Second, Vasodrive-AP® can also inhibit the enzyme that leads to the constriction of blood vessels. By improving blood flow and oxygen delivery to working muscles, Vasodrive-AP® may enhance exercise capacity, delay the onset of fatigue, and improve overall performance during both endurance and resistance training activities. Additionally, the improved nutrient and oxygen delivery facilitated by Vasodrive-AP® may aid in muscle recovery post-exercise, potentially reducing muscle soreness and accelerating the repair process. While further research is needed to fully elucidate its mechanisms and optimal dosages, Vasodrive-AP® shows promise as a natural ergogenic aid for individuals seeking to maximize their exercise performance and recovery.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eCognizin® Citicoline\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCholine is an essential nutrient involved in numerous metabolic pathways, including DNA regulation and repair, protein function, and metabolism. Perhaps most importantly, the critical neurotransmitter acetylcholine is produced directly from free choline via cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then responsible for several functions itself, most crucially as the compound which induces muscular contraction, and as the neuromodulator partially responsible for modulating risk\/reward, arousal, and enhancing memory.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCholine’s essential role as a substrate for acetylcholine, and therefore brain development, is well documented in animal models. These studies demonstrate that levels of free maternal choline have a direct and fundamental impact on prenatal brain development, with the enhancements or deficits lasting into adulthood. Choline’s enhancing effect is particularly prominent in the hippocampus. In humans, the hippocampus is primarily involved in the consolidation of memory (taking short, episodic memory and translating it into long-term memory) and the learning of new information. Acetylcholine is a critical component in these processes, as mentioned above, and choline may therefore play a potential role in these processes as well by providing the substrate for acetylcholine synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eCiticoline (Cytidine 5’-diphosphocoline), also known as CDP-choline, is a potentially superior form of choline due to its ability to cross the blood brain barrier. In fact, most studies with neurological or nootropic effects used this form. In that regard, studies in otherwise healthy, normal adults demonstrated meaningful and statistically significant impacts on working memory, recall, and attention. We have chosen to use the clinically tested, Cognizin®, in this premium formula as our primary choline source. Unlike other synthetic stimulants that can cause a rapid decline in effectiveness after an initial burst of energy, Cognizin® can offer critical nutritional support for the brain that can help support needed focus and attention.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eMethylliberine (as 40% Dynamine™ yielding 60mg)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eDynamine™ (methylliberine) is a naturally occurring alkaloid structurally similar to the stimulant’s caffeine and theacrine. It is most widely known and utilized for its rapid onset of action, non-habit-forming properties, and ability to enhance energy, cognition, and mood without significant cardiovascular stimulation. Due to these characteristics, Dynamine™ has gained attention as a reliable and potential ergogenic aid in sports and exercise performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eDynamine™ works primarily through the mechanism of action of modulating adenosine receptors. This action is similar to caffeine but with a shorter half-life and reduced tolerance build-up. It also influences dopamine and noradrenaline levels, leading to enhanced mood and motivation. Unlike caffeine, Dynamine™ has been shown to provide a rapid onset of energy without the associated increase in blood pressure or heart rate, making it a safer alternative for individuals sensitive to stimulants.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eWhen combined like in F Tyranny, Dynamine™ and caffeine can create a synergistic effect that enhances focus, energy, and mood. Dynamine™ can extends caffeine’s stimulatory benefits by inhibiting adenosine receptors while also influencing dopamine pathways, leading to heightened alertness and motivation. Additionally, Dynamine’s™ shorter half-life than caffeine, means it kicks in quickly and enhances the initial energy surge without significantly increasing heart rate or blood pressure rapidly.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eTo summarize Dynamine’s™ benefits for exercise performance:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eEnhanced Energy and Alertness\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eDynamine™ provides a rapid boost in energy by inhibiting adenosine, a neurotransmitter responsible for inducing fatigue. This allows athletes to experience heightened alertness and prolonged endurance during workouts.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eIncreased Motivation and Mood\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eBy influencing dopamine levels, Dynamine™ can improve motivation and mood, leading to better mental engagement and workout consistency. This effect is particularly beneficial for individuals experiencing mental fatigue or lack of drive.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eReduced Perceived Effort and Fatigue\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eStudies suggest that Dynamine™ can reduce the perception of effort during physical activity, allowing users to train harder and longer, which is crucial for endurance sports and high-intensity training sessions.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eSynergistic Effects with Caffeine and Theacrine\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eWhen combined with caffeine or theacrine, Dynamine™ enhances the stimulatory effects without increasing jitters or crashes. This combination provides sustained energy levels, improved reaction times, and enhanced cognitive function during events.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cb\u003eMinimal Cardiovascular Impact\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003eUnlike traditional stimulants, Dynamine™ does not significantly increase heart rate or blood pressure, making it a safer option for athletes looking for an energy boost without excessive strain on the cardiovascular system.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eZümXR® Extended Release Caffeine (yields 70% caffeine)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eZüm-XR is a patented coating technology that allows the dissolution profile of certain ingredients, primarily caffeine, to have a longer lasting effect in blood serum levels. The release of those ingredients is initiated by an abrasion in the stomach and pH levels between the stomach and the upper gastrointestinal tract. The coating of the microbead technology is a patented timing system with pharmaceutical grade safe polymers. Comparatively speaking, the dissolution profile of Züm-XR caffeine to your typical immediate release caffeine showed that Züm-XR took a far greater amount of time, well over 120 minutes to complete the process of dissolution.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIoniplex® Trace Mineral Complex\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eOur bodies are high-functioning machines and require a lot of support to continue to perform at a high-level day in and day out. A lot of these needs are difficult to acquire by dieting alone, so supplementation is critical. Minerals are included in these daily needs and are vital to the bodies’ many processes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIoniplex® is a patented and clinically tested high-quality trace mineral complex providing a comprehensive blend of nutrients that are often hard to acquire from diet alone. Containing 65+ ionic trace minerals, its high bioavailability allows each mineral to penetrate cellular membranes easily to allow for the transport of nutrients directly to the cell structures for maximal absorption. Ioniplex® also actas as a natural chelator, meaning it can bind up toxic compounds, heavy metals, and other foreign substances to transport out of the cells so your essential body cells can continue to thrive.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eMinerals contained in Ioniplex® are catalysts for all of the vitamins and other nutrients our body requires to function at an optimal level and maintain health. Some of these functions include electrolyte replacement, maintaining pH balance in the body, nourishing hair and skin, strengthening bones and joints, regulating the digestive system, and improving athletic performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eClinical studies have shown that Ioniplex® has been a contributing factor to:\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003estimulating mitochondrial activity by nearly 35%\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eStimulating key gene expression involved in mitochondria metabolism including energy production 200%-370%\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing production of type I collagen over 40%\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIncreasing production of beneficial bacteria while inhibiting pathogenic bacteria\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eReduce excess glucose in the bloodstream by up to 75%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eWe demand a lot from our bodies and expect high performance on the outside, why not expect the same of our bodies on the inside.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBitter Orange Extract (Citrus aurantium) (Fruit) (30% synephrine)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eBitter orange extract, derived from the fruit of Citrus aurantium, contains a diverse array of bioactive compounds, notably including synephrine, flavonoids, and essential oils. Synephrine, the principal alkaloid in bitter orange extract, exhibits sympathomimetic properties, stimulating the sympathetic nervous system and potentially increasing heart rate, blood pressure, and metabolic rate. These effects have led to interest in bitter orange extract as a potential aid for weight management, with studies suggesting its ability to enhance thermogenesis, suppress appetite, and stimulate lipolysis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eThe flavonoids present in bitter orange extract contribute antioxidant activity, which may offer additional health benefits by protecting cells from oxidative damage. Additionally, the combination of caffeine and synephrine appears to potentiate each ingredient’s effects – with rates of fatty acid liberation, heart rate, metabolic rate, and fatty acid oxidation increased in clinical trials featuring the combination. In several studies utilizing other forms of synephrine, it was found that the combination of synephrine and caffeine led to a small but significant reduction in fat mass of 3lbs, and a reduction in bodyfat of 2.9%.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eRauwolscine (std. to 90% alpha yohimbine) (Root)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAlpha Yohimbine, also known as rauwolscine, offers several potential benefits, particularly in the realm of sports performance as well as weight management. As a dietary supplement, it is often touted for its ability to enhance fat loss and promote energy expenditure, making it popular amongst many athletes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eAlpha Yohimbine exhibits a mechanism of action that works to antagonize alpha-2 adrenergic receptors, which can lead to increased lipolysis, which is the breakdown of stored fatty acids that can then be used as a fuel source for the body. This utilization of fatty acids for energy can support weight loss and management, thus improving overall body composition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003eIt’s essential to note that while Alpha Yohimbine shows promise, more research is needed to fully understand its effects.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eREFERENCES\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\n\u003cul\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eShurtleff D, Thomas JR, Shlers ST, et al. \u003ci\u003eTyrosine ameliorates a coldinduced delayed matching to sample performance decrements in rats.\u003c\/i\u003e Psychopharmacology 1993; 112:228-232.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eOwasoyo JO, Neri DF, Lamberth JG. \u003ci\u003eTyrosine and its potential use as a countermeasure to performance decrement in military sustained operations.\u003c\/i\u003e Aviation Space and Enviromental Medicine 1992; 63:364369.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eLehnert H, Reinstein DK, Strowbridge BW et al. \u003ci\u003eNeurochemical and behavioral consequences of acute, uncontrollable stress: effects of dietary tyrosine.\u003c\/i\u003e Brain Res 1984 Jun 15;303(2):215-23.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eShurtleff D, Thomas JR, Schrot J, et al. \u003ci\u003eTyrosine reverses a coldinduced working memory deficit in humans.\u003c\/i\u003e Pharmacol Biochem Behav 1994 Apr;47(4):935-41.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eUeland PM. \u003ci\u003eCholine and betaine in health and disease.\u003c\/i\u003e J Inherit Metab Dis. 2011;34:3–15.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eZeisel SH, Niculescu MD. \u003ci\u003ePerinatal choline influences brain structure and function.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutr Rev 2006;64:197–203.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eZeisel SH. \u003ci\u003eThe fetal origins of memory: the role of dietary choline in optimal brain development.\u003c\/i\u003e J Pediatr 2006;149(suppl):S131–6.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMichel V, Yuan Z, Ramsubir S, Bakovic M. \u003ci\u003eCholine transport for phospholipid synthesis.\u003c\/i\u003e Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2006;231:490–504.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eFitts RH, Balog EM. \u003ci\u003eEffect of intracellular and extracellular ion changes on E-C coupling and skeletal muscle fatigue.\u003c\/i\u003e Acta Physiol Scand. (1996)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eGil-Agustí M1, Esteve-Romero J, Carda-Broch S. \u003ci\u003eAnserine and carnosine determination in meat samples by pure micellar liquid chromatography.\u003c\/i\u003e J Chromatogr A. (2008)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAbe H, et al. \u003ci\u003eRole of histidine-related compounds to intracellular buffering in fish skeletal muscle.\u003c\/i\u003e Am J Physiol. (1985)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDrozak J, et al. \u003ci\u003eMolecular identification of carnosine synthase as ATP-grasp domain-containing protein 1 (ATPGD1).\u003c\/i\u003e J Biol Chem. (2010)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eMiyaji T, et al. \u003ci\u003eExpression profiles of carnosine synthesis-related genes in mice after ingestion of carnosine or ß-alanine.\u003c\/i\u003e J Int Soc Sports Nutr. (2012)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eChez MG, et al. \u003ci\u003eDouble-blind, placebo-controlled study of L-carnosine supplementation in children with autistic spectrum disorders.\u003c\/i\u003e J Child Neurol. (2002)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eHipkiss AR. \u003ci\u003eOn the enigma of carnosine’s anti-ageing actions.\u003c\/i\u003e Exp Gerontol. (2009)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBoldyrev AA. \u003ci\u003eDoes carnosine possess direct antioxidant activity.\u003c\/i\u003e Int J Biochem. (1993)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eHipkiss AR, Michaelis J, Syrris P. \u003ci\u003eNon-enzymatic glycosylation of the dipeptide L-carnosine, a potential anti-protein-cross-linking agent.\u003c\/i\u003e FEBS Lett. (1995)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDutka TL, Lamb GD. \u003ci\u003eEffect of carnosine on excitation-contraction coupling in mechanically-skinned rat skeletal muscle.\u003c\/i\u003e J Muscle Res Cell Motil. (2004)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBauer K, Schulz M. \u003ci\u003eBiosynthesis of carnosine and related peptides by skeletal muscle cells in primary culture.\u003c\/i\u003e Eur J Biochem. (1994)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eDunnett M, Harris RC. \u003ci\u003eInfluence of oral beta-alanine and histidine supplementation on the carnosine content of the gluteus medius.\u003c\/i\u003e Equine Vet J Suppl. (1999)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eZeisel SH. \u003ci\u003eNutritional importance of choline for brain development.\u003c\/i\u003e J Am Coll Nutr 2004;23(suppl):621S–6S.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBlusztajn JK. \u003ci\u003eCholine, a vital amine.\u003c\/i\u003e Science 1998;281:794–5.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eda Costa KA, Gaffney CE, Fischer LM, Zeisel SH. \u003ci\u003eCholine deficiency in mice and humans is associated with increased plasma homocysteine concentration after a methionine load.\u003c\/i\u003e Am J Clin Nutr 2005;81:440–4.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eZeisel SH. \u003ci\u003eGene response elements, genetic polymorphisms and epigenetics influence the human dietary requirement for choline.\u003c\/i\u003e IUBMB Life 2007;59:380–7.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eZeisel SH. \u003ci\u003eCholine: an essential nutrient for humans.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrition 2000;16:669–71.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eTuszynski M. H., Sang H., Yoshida K., Gage F. H. \u003ci\u003eRecombinant human nerve growth factor infusions prevent cholinergic neuronal degeneration in the adult primate brain.\u003c\/i\u003e Ann. Neurol. 30, 625–63610. (1991)\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBracco D, Ferrarra J-M, Arnaud MJ, Jéquier E, Schutz Y. \u003ci\u003eEffects of caffeine on energy metabolism, heart rate and methylxanthine metabolism in lean and obese women.\u003c\/i\u003e Am J Physiol 1995;269:E671–8.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBellet S, Kershbaum A, Finck EM. \u003ci\u003eResponse of free fatty acids to coffee and caffeine.\u003c\/i\u003e Metabolism 1968;17:702–7.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBellet S, Roman L, de Castro O, Kim KE, Kershbaum A. \u003ci\u003eEffect of coffee ingestion on catecholamine release.\u003c\/i\u003e Metabolism 1969;18:288–91.\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eAllerton, T. D., Proctor, D. N., Stephens, J. M., Dugas, T. R., Spielmann, G., \u0026amp; Irving, B. A. (2018). \u003ci\u003el-Citrulline Supplementation: Impact on Cardiometabolic Health.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrients, 10(7), 921. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu10070921\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eFigueroa, A., Wong, A., Jaime, S. J., \u0026amp; Gonzales, J. U. (2017). \u003ci\u003eInfluence of L-citrulline and watermelon supplementation on vascular function and exercise performance.\u003c\/i\u003e Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 20(1), 92–98. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000340\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eKim, I. Y., Schutzler, S. E., Schrader, A., Spencer, H. J., Azhar, G., Deutz, N. E., \u0026amp; Wolfe, R. R. (2015). \u003ci\u003eAcute ingestion of citrulline stimulates nitric oxide synthesis but does not increase blood flow in healthy young and older adults with heart failure.\u003c\/i\u003e American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism, 309(11), E915–E924. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1152\/ajpendo.00339.2015\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eFlores-Ramírez, A. G., Tovar-Villegas, V. I., Maharaj, A., Garay-Sevilla, M. E., \u0026amp; Figueroa, A. (2021). \u003ci\u003eEffects of L-Citrulline Supplementation and Aerobic Training on Vascular Function in Individuals with Obesity across the Lifespan.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrients, 13(9), 2991. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu13092991\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eJabir, N. R., Firoz, C. K., Zughaibi, T. A., Alsaadi, M. A., Abuzenadah, A. M., Al-Asmari, A. I., Alsaieedi, A., Ahmed, B. A., Ramu, A. K., \u0026amp; Tabrez, S. (2022). \u003ci\u003eA literature perspective on the pharmacological applications of yohimbine.\u003c\/i\u003e Annals of Medicine, 54(1), 2861–2875. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/07853890.2022.2131330\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eOstojic S. M. (2006). \u003ci\u003eYohimbine: the effects on body composition and exercise performance in soccer players.\u003c\/i\u003e Research in Sports Medicine (Print), 14(4), 289–299. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15438620600987106\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eBarnes, M. E., Cowan, C. R., Boag, L. E., Hill, J. G., Jones, M. L., Nixon, K. M., Parker, M. G., Parker, S. K., Raymond, M. V., Sternenberg, L. H., Tidwell, S. L., Yount, T. M., Williams, T. D., Rogers, R. R., \u0026amp; Ballmann, C. G. (2022). \u003ci\u003eEffects of Acute Yohimbine Hydrochloride Supplementation on Repeated Supramaximal Sprint Performance.\u003c\/i\u003e International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(3), 1316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/ijerph19031316\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003e\n\u003ci\u003eIoniplex® \u0026amp; Bioavailability.\u003c\/i\u003e Mineral BioSciences. (2017, April 27). Retrieved March 31, 2023, from https:\/\/www.mineralbiosciences.com\/ioniplex-bioavailability\/\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eHirota, T., Ohki, K., Kawagishi, R., Kajimoto, Y., Mizuno, S., Nakamura, Y., \u0026amp; Kitakaze, M. (2007). \u003ci\u003eCasein hydrolysate containing the antihypertensive tripeptides Val-Pro-Pro and Ile-Pro-Pro improves vascular endothelial function independent of blood pressure-lowering effects: contribution of the inhibitory action of angiotensin-converting enzyme.\u003c\/i\u003e Hypertension Research, 30(6), 489–496. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1291\/hypres.30.489\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eFekete, Á. A., Givens, D. I., \u0026amp; Lovegrove, J. A. (2015). \u003ci\u003eCasein-derived lactotripeptides reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrients, 7(1), 659–681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu7010659\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eFekete, Á. A., Givens, D. I., \u0026amp; Lovegrove, J. A. (2015). \u003ci\u003eCasein-derived lactotripeptides reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a meta-analysis of randomised clinical trials.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrients, 7(1), 659–681. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu7010659\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eArumugam, M. K., Paal, M. C., Donohue, T. M., Jr, Ganesan, M., Osna, N. A., \u0026amp; Kharbanda, K. K. (2021). \u003ci\u003eBeneficial Effects of Betaine: A Comprehensive Review.\u003c\/i\u003e Biology, 10(6), 456. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/biology10060456\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eCholewa, J. M., Wyszczelska-Rokiel, M., Glowacki, R., Jakubowski, H., Matthews, T., Wood, R., Craig, S. A., \u0026amp; Paolone, V. (2013). \u003ci\u003eEffects of betaine on body composition, performance, and homocysteine thiolactone.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 10(1), 39. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1550-2783-10-39\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eIsmaeel A. (2017). \u003ci\u003eEffects of Betaine Supplementation on Muscle Strength and Power: A Systematic Review.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 31(8), 2338–2346. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1519\/JSC.0000000000001959\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eArazi, H., Aboutalebi, S., Taati, B., Cholewa, J. M., \u0026amp; Candow, D. G. (2022). \u003ci\u003eEffects of short-term betaine supplementation on muscle endurance and indices of endocrine function following acute high-intensity resistance exercise in young athletes.\u003c\/i\u003e Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, 19(1), 1–16. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/15502783.2022.2041988\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eTartar, J. L., Banks, J. B., Marang, M., Pizzo, F., \u0026amp; Antonio, J. (2021). \u003ci\u003eA Combination of Caffeine, TeaCrine® (Theacrine), and Dynamine® (Methylliberine) Increases Cognitive Performance and Reaction Time Without Interfering With Mood in Adult Male Egamers.\u003c\/i\u003e Cureus, 13(12), e20534. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7759\/cureus.20534\u003c\/li\u003e\n  \u003cli\u003eVanDusseldorp, T. A., Stratton, M. T., Bailly, A. R., Holmes, A. J., Alesi, M. G., Feito, Y., Mangine, G. T., Hester, G. M., Esmat, T. A., Barcala, M., Tuggle, K. R., Snyder, M., \u0026amp; Modjeski, A. S. (2020). \u003ci\u003eSafety of Short-Term Supplementation with Methylliberine (Dynamine®) Alone and in Combination with TeaCrine® in Young Adults.\u003c\/i\u003e Nutrients, 12(3), 654. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu12030654\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Acid Rain (Lemon Italian Ice)","offer_id":45042425594032,"sku":"SHOP850080302330","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Red Alert (Tropical Punch)","offer_id":45042425626800,"sku":"SHOP850080302354","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true},{"title":"Tropical Storm (Strawberry Mango)","offer_id":45042425659568,"sku":"SHOP850080302347","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/FURY_AR_FRONT.png?v=1775672233"},{"product_id":"gda","title":"GDA","description":"\u003cp\u003eCore Nutritionals® Lifeline GDA has redefined what a true glucose disposal agent should be. While most GDAs on the market rely on single-pathway, underdosed formulas, Core Life Line GDA targets multiple critical pathways through clinical or near-clinical serving sizes. More importantly, it utilizes non-redundant ingredients that precisely target both glycogenic (glycogen-creating) and lipolytic (fat-mitigating) processes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe effectiveness of Core Life Line GDA lies in its ability to influence key pathways of glycogen storage and lipid metabolism. This includes increasing GLUT4 translocation to enhance glucose uptake into muscle cells, improving insulin sensitivity, and modulating the body’s response to carbohydrate intake at both the digestive and cellular level.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhile other GDAs may attempt to target similar pathways, Core Life Line GDA does so through multiple distinct mechanisms. Rather than relying on a single ingredient approach, it maximizes glycogen storage while minimizing the likelihood of excess glucose being stored as body fat.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen you consume carbohydrates, they are broken down into glucose and released into the bloodstream. From there, glucose is either directed toward muscle tissue—where it can be stored as glycogen and used for performance—or toward adipose tissue for storage as fat.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy enhancing glycogen storage, Core Life Line GDA helps fuel performance, recovery, and muscle fullness, while acting as a safeguard against fat storage. At the same time, it works to stabilize blood glucose levels and reduce pathways associated with fat accumulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe result is a comprehensive, multi-pathway system designed to optimize nutrient utilization, support performance, and promote a leaner physique.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCore Life Line GDA sets a new standard for GDAs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eScientific Write-Up: Chromium (as Chromium Picolinate) (Chromax®)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChromium, a naturally occurring trace element in many foods, has been linked to benefits including weight management, body composition, cognitive health, glucose metabolism, appetite control, and energy support.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChromax® Chromium Picolinate is a highly bioavailable form of chromium that has been extensively studied for its benefits listed above.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePerhaps chromium picolinates’ most important function that leads to these benefits is in its ability to regulate insulin through carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe proposed mechanism of action is through its ability to regulate glucose utilization and increase sensitivity of insulin receptors by prolonging kinase activity through stimulating the tyrosine kinase pathway, thus leading to improved glucose absorption.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis further then leads to more stable blood sugar, which can reduce cravings, overall caloric intake, and reduce cravings, thus leading to improved body composition.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eChromax® Chromium Picolinate is particularly formulated to be up to 15x more absorbable than other traditional forms of chromium, leading to more efficient and consistent benefits.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen the body can more efficiently break down food particles and shuttle their molecules to their targets for usage, the body has a much higher chance of performing optimally.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eGreen Coffee Extract (Coffea robusta) (bean) (50% Chlorogenic acid)\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCoffee is widely recognized as not only the most consumed psychoactive compound on earth, but perhaps also the most consumed plant material in general.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDue to the extent of coffee consumption by humans, several species of coffee beans, along with their bioactive constituents, have been research targets for a number of therapeutic pathways.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe most abundant polyphenol in coffee is Chlorogenic acid (CGA).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn abundance of data suggests that CGA has numerous physiological properties, and that its most potent physiological effects are hypoglycemic (blood sugar-lowering) and lipolytic\/anti-lipogenic in nature.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eRecent evidence demonstrates that CGA is a powerful and novel glucose modulator, in vivo, in both healthy and diseased populations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch shows that one of CGA’s potential hypoglycemic mechanisms is insulin sensitization – in other words, making existing cells more sensitive to the glucose shuttling effects of insulin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a trial on streptozotocin (STZ) (45 mg\/kgbw) nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats, a 5mg\/kgbw dose of CGA significantly mitigated the diabetic effects of STZ and caused an increase to glucose uptake.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOf note, the 5mg\/kgbw dose of CGA used in the animal trial is significantly less than the mg\/kgbw serving size of CGA included in Core LOAD. (Assuming an average Core LOAD consumer bodyweight of 75kg.)\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAn additional trial in obese Zucker rats demonstrated that CGA is capable of improving glucose tolerance and insulin resistance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe trial found that the CGA group had better glucose tolerance, higher insulin sensitivity index (ISI), and lower HOMA-IR (insulin resistance) index.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA trial in healthy humans showed similar promise.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHealthy, human subjects were challenged with an acute serving of CGA and then assessed for hepatic glucose output, blood glucose levels, and glucose tolerance.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCGA induced a significant reduction in peak plasma glucose levels – an important fact, as glucose fluctuations and\/or chronically excessive blood glucose levels are associated with fat cell proliferation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnlike the animal trial, however, the human trial hypothesized that CGA worked through a different, more novel mechanism: attenuating glucose absorption in the gastric uptake phase.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn this trial, CGA effectively CGA functioned as both an insulin sensitizing agent and a glycemic index lowering agent.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn addition to both the above mechanisms, CGA was shown to inhibit the activities of α-amylase and α-glucosidase – two enzymes responsible for metabolizing carbohydrates into saccharides.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a result, CGA again reduced postprandial (post-meal) blood glucose concentration.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe potentially novel glycemic index-lowering and carbohydrate metabolism effects of CGA were confirmed in two further trials: one in which CGA intake significantly reduced fasting glucose and insulin levels in obese men, and another in which CGA lowered the glycemic impact (how quickly and to what degree plasma glucose was increased) and lowered blood glucose levels.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCGA is an interesting compound due not only to its potent insulin-sensitizing and glycemic effects, but also its novel action on lipid metabolism.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 2006 trial found that CGA – in addition to caffeine and other polyphenols found in green coffee bean extract – suppressed body weight gain and the accumulation of visceral fat in mice.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAgain, the mechanism of action was quite unique: CGA was found to inhibit and delay the absorption of fat at the gastric uptake phase and reduce lipid metabolism in the liver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a separate trial on obese rates, CGA significantly reduced body weight, visceral fat mass (adipose tissue surrounding the internal organs), and plasma insulin concentrations.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe authors of this trial hypothesize that, in addition to the profound effects on glucose metabolism noted above, CGA reduced body weight and fat mass due to increased fatty acid beta-oxidation activity and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha expression in the liver.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn sum, CGA is the perfect confluence of glycogenic, glycemic-impact lowering, insulin sensitizing, and anti-lipogenic factors.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIts inclusion as a key ingredient in Core GDA, at well above clinical serving sizes, functions to promote healthy blood glucose levels, healthy bodyweight, and healthy insulin release.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eGS4 Plus® Gymnema sylvestre Extract (leaves) (25% gymnemic acids)\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGymnema sylvestre is a plant endemic to the tropical and sub-tropical regions of Southeast Asa, including India and China. In these countries, G. sylvestre functions as a treatment for many pathological conditions, including diabetes and hypercholesterolemia – in fact, the Ayurvedic name for G. sylevestre is “Gurmar,” or “destroyer of sugars.” The principle bioactives in G. sylvestre, gymnemic acids, are concentrated highly in the leaves and have been isolated and observed for their glucose shuttling properties.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a clinical trial in humans using a G. sylestre extract dietary supplement, 65 participants were administered G. sylvestre for 90 days. After the 90 day treatment, the participants were assessed for a number of biometrics, including prenadial (pre-eating) plasma glucose concentrations and HbA1c (haemoglobin A1c, a key marker for diabetes) levels. The researchers found that 90 days of supplementation with G. sylvestre lowered prenadial blood glucose by 11%, postpranadial glucose by 13%, and Hb1Ac by .8% (a seemingly small figure, but in fact statistically significant).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn another, small clinical study, fasting blood glucose levels significantly improved in a group of type II diabetes mellitus patients after receiving a 200mg extract of G. sylevestre (standardized for gymnemic acid) for 20 months.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUnlike CGA, the mechanism(s) of action for G. sylevestre and gymnemic acid have not been precisely identified. Several trials in rats suggest that gymnemic acid’s structural similarity to glucose may have a role in its hypoglycemic effects; while still other trials suggest that, like CGA, gymemic acid may exert glucose uptake inhibitory effects at the intestinal level.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhatever the mechanism of action, however, the plant has demonstrated the ability to promote healthy blood glucose levels and assist in the management of a healthy body mass.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eCeylon Cinnamon Bark Powder (Cinnamomum verum)\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCeylon cinnamon, often referred to as “true cinnamon,” is a well-studied botanical known for its powerful effects on glucose metabolism and insulin function. Unlike cassia cinnamon, Ceylon cinnamon contains significantly lower levels of coumarin, making it a safer option for consistent daily use. Its primary bioactives—cinnamaldehyde and polyphenols—have been shown to enhance insulin sensitivity by improving insulin receptor signaling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis allows cells to more efficiently uptake glucose, helping to reduce circulating blood sugar levels and improve overall nutrient utilization.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCeylon cinnamon also plays a role in slowing carbohydrate digestion by inhibiting key enzymes like α-amylase and α-glucosidase. This helps blunt post-meal blood sugar spikes, supporting more stable energy levels and reducing the likelihood of excess glucose being stored as body fat.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eClinical research supports cinnamon’s ability to lower fasting blood glucose, improve insulin sensitivity, and support long-term glycemic control.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the context of Life Line GDA, Ceylon cinnamon acts as a foundational ingredient to promote efficient glucose disposal and metabolic health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eGlucovantage® (Dihydroberberine)\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGlucovantage® is a sustained release dihydroberberine, which is a highly bioavailable derivative of berberine. Once absorbed in the intestines, dihydroberberine rapidly converts to berberine in the blood and has been shown to be up to 5x more bioavailable than standard berberine.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe benefits of berberine have been extensively studied for its positive effects on glucose balance, lipid metabolism, and overall blood vessel health. In fact, berberine is one of the leading compounds that is used to increase insulin sensitivity, or how well your body responds to insulin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGlucose uptake to tissues is influenced by berberines ability to activate the adenosine monophosphate kinase (AMPK) pathway, which plays an important role in energy balance regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResults from pre-clinical studies indicate berberine promotes healthy cholesterol metabolism by a variety of actions. It has the ability to upregulate LDL-receptors on liver cells that shuttle cholesterol out of the blood and into the necessary cells. Berberine inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption and increases excretion as well as provides antioxidant defense.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBy activating AMP-K, for the purposes of glucose balance, it also increases fatty acid oxidation (burning) and decreases fatty acid synthesis.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs a highly bioavailable form of berberine, Glucovantage® dihydroberberine may help maintain healthy blood glucose and lipid levels in the normal range while supporting vascular health.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003eBanaba Extract (Lagerstroemia speciose)(leaf)(20% corosolic acids)\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLagerstroemia speciosa is a flowering tree of the Lagerstroemia genus that is native to large portions of south east Asia, India and the Phillipines, and its bark and leaves have a historical tradition in folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Banaba (L. speciosa’s common name) has been used as a folk medicine to treat diabetes in various parts of the world, primarily southeast Asia.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe hypoglycemic effect of aqueous (hot water) and methanol extracts have been demonstrated in many human studies. Most studies have focused on corosolic acid, the primary bioactive constituent of L. speciosa – and the compound for which Core LOAD’s banaba is standardized.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA 12-week lifestyle intervention study, involving 56 subjects consuming a dietary supplement containing banaba, taken prior to each meal, measured body mass at the conclusion of the trial. At the end of 12 weeks, the subjects had lost an average of 6.29 kg (13.8 lb) including 3.72 kg (8.2 lb) body fat as determined by a bioelectric impedance body fat analyser.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn a separate, smaller study, 12 nondiabetic subjects with a baseline blood glucose level of 104 mg\/dL were given a soft gel capsule daily for 2 weeks containing 10 mg corosolic acid as a Banaba extract standardized to 18% corosolic acid. A 12% decrease in fasting glucose levels, as well as 60 min postprandial blood glucose levels, was observed after 2 weeks of administering the product. The authors also reported an average three-pound weight loss after the two weeks.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn an unpublished study using the same soft gel product containing 10 mg corosolic acid, 100 subjects with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes were enrolled. Half the subjects were given one soft gel containing the corosolic acid-standardized Banaba extract and the other half received a placebo for 30 days. Both fasting and 2 h postprandial blood glucose levels in the treated group decreased by 10% relative to the control (placebo) group. Also reported was an improvement in diabetic symptoms including a decrease in thirst, drowsiness, and hunger. Furthermore, no adverse effects were observed, with no changes in blood pressure, liver or kidney function, blood cell count, or hemoglobin.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLastly, a study involving 31 subjects in a double-blind cross-over design were given a capsule containing 10 mg corosolic acid or a placebo 5 min before a 75g oral glucose tolerance test. Blood glucose levels were measured at 30 min intervals for 2h. The authors reported that corosolic acid treatment resulted in lower blood glucose levels from 60 to 120 min compared with controls, the difference being statistically significant (P \u0026lt; 0.05) at the 90 min time point. According to the authors, the corosolic acid that was used was 99% pure, thus indicating that the blood sugar lowering effect was specifically due to the corosolic acid.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn the context of Core GDA, the AUC (area under curve) demonstrated in this trial is important – as it demonstrates that corosolic acid exerts glucose stabilizing effects over a long time period (such as immediately before-to-after an intense workout).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe above clinical studies demonstrate that Banaba extract, Banaba extract standardized to corosolic acid, and corosolic acid itself, decrease fasting as well as postprandial blood glucose levels in humans. A decrease in blood glucose levels has been observed within 2 h of dosing, and the decrease is typically in the range of 10–15%, although a decrease of 30% has been reported.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe ability to corsolic acid to positively regulate healthy plasma glucose levels makes it a key addition to Core GDA’s glucose disposal agent lineup.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBanaba Leaf Research Update\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEffects of dietary mulberry, Korean red ginseng, and banaba on glucose homeostasis in relation to PPAR-alpha, PPAR-gamma, and LPL mRNA expressions. \u003ci\u003eLife Sci.\u003c\/i\u003e 2005 Nov 12;77( 26):3344-54. Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Ecology, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEffects of malted barley extract and banaba extract on blood glucose levels in genetically diabetic mice. \u003ci\u003eJ Med Food.\u003c\/i\u003e 2004 Winter;7(4):487-90\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAntidiabetic activity of a standardized extract (Glucosol) from Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves - banaba - in Type II diabetics. A dose-dependence study. \u003ci\u003eJ Ethnopharmacol.\u003c\/i\u003e 2003 Jul;87(1):115-7.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eJudy WV, et al. An extract of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. has insulin-like glucose uptake-stimulatory and adipocyte differentiation-inhibitory activities in 3T3-L1 cells. \u003ci\u003eJ Nutr.\u003c\/i\u003e 2001 Sep;131(9):2242-7\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAntiobesity activity of extracts from Lagerstroemia speciosa L. leaves on female KK-Ay mice. \u003ci\u003eJ Nutr Sci Vitaminol (Tokyo).\u003c\/i\u003e 1999 Dec;45(6):791-5.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eHypoglycemic effect of extracts from Lagerstroemia speciosa L. banaba leaves in genetically diabetic KK-AY mice. \u003ci\u003eBiosci Biotechnol Biochem.\u003c\/i\u003e 1996 Feb;60(2):204-8.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTannic acid in banaba herb Tannic acid stimulates glucose transport and inhibits adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells. \u003ci\u003eJ Nutr.\u003c\/i\u003e 2005 Feb;135(2):165-71.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLiu X, Kim et al. 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(2017). \u003ci\u003eCinnamomum zeylanicum (Ceylon cinnamon) as a potential pharmaceutical agent for type-2 diabetes mellitus: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.\u003c\/i\u003e Trials, 18(1), 446. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s13063-017-2192-0\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRanasinghe, P., Jayawardena, R., Pigera, S., Wathurapatha, W. S., Weeratunga, H. D., Premakumara, G. A. S., Katulanda, P., Constantine, G. R., \u0026amp; Galappaththy, P. (2017). \u003ci\u003eEvaluation of pharmacodynamic properties and safety of Cinnamomum zeylanicum (Ceylon cinnamon) in healthy adults: a phase I clinical trial.\u003c\/i\u003e BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 17(1), 550. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s12906-017-2067-7\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\n\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e","brand":"Core Nutritionals","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45110894166192,"sku":"SHOP850080302682","price":54.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/2440\/0931\/files\/GDA_FRONT.png?v=1778678689"},{"product_id":"transformers®-bumblebee-stack","title":"Transformers® Bumblebee Stack","description":"\u003cp\u003eInspired by Bumblebee’s speed, energy, and relentless drive, the Transformers stack is designed to support every stage of your fitness journey. 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